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Woman jogging in USA

Jogging is a form of trotting or running at a slow or leisurely pace. The main intention is to increase physical fitness with less stress on the body than from faster running but more than walking, or to maintain a steady speed for longer periods of time. Performed over long distances, it is a form of aerobic endurance training.

Definition

Evening jogger in Skien, Norway.

Jogging is running at a gentle pace.^[1] The definition of jogging as compared with running is not standard. One definition describes jogging as running slower than 6 miles per hour (10 km/h). Running is sometimes defined as requiring a moment of no contact to the ground, whereas jogging often sustains the contact.^[2]

Jogging is also distinguished from running by having a wider lateral spacing of foot strikes, creating side-to-side movement that likely adds stability at slower speeds or when coordination is lacking.^{[citation needed]}

History

The word jog originated in England in the mid-16th century.^[3] The etymology of the word is unknown, but it may be related to shog or have been a new invention.^{[citation needed]} In 1593, William Shakespeare wrote in Taming of the Shrew, "you may be jogging whiles your boots are green". At that point, it usually meant to leave.^[4]

The term jog was often used in English and North American literature to describe short quick movements, either intentional or unintentional.^{[citation needed]} It is also used to describe a quick, sharp shake or jar.^{[citation needed]}Richard Jefferies, an English naturalist, wrote of "joggers", describing them as quickly moving people who brushed others aside as they passed.^[5] This usage became common throughout the British Empire, and in his 1884 novel My Run Home, the Australian author Rolf Boldrewood wrote, "Your bedroom curtains were still drawn as I passed on my morning jog".

In the United States jogging was called "roadwork" when athletes in training, such as boxers, customarily ran several miles each day as part of their conditioning.^{[citation needed]} In New Zealand during the 1960s or 1970s, the word "roadwork" was mostly supplanted by the word "jogging", promoted by coach Arthur Lydiard, who is credited with popularizing jogging. The idea of jogging as an organised activity was mooted in a sports page article in The New Zealand Heraldin February 1962, which told of a group of former athletes and fitness enthusiasts who would meet once a week to run for "fitness and sociability". Since they would be jogging, the newspaper suggested that the club "may be called the Auckland Joggers' Club"—which is thought to be the first use of the noun "jogger". University of Oregon track coach Bill Bowerman, after jogging with Lydiard in New Zealand in 1962, started a joggers club in Eugene in early 1963.^[6] He published the book Jogging in 1966, popularizing jogging in the United States.

Exercise

Members of the United States Air Force Academy American football team jog on Waikiki beach, Hawaii.

Jogging may also be used as a warm up or cool down for runners, preceding or following a workout or race. It is often used by serious runners as a means of active recovery during interval training. For example, a runner who completes a fast 400 metre repetition at a sub-5-minute mile pace (3 minute km) may drop to an 8-minute mile jogging pace (5 minute km) for a recovery lap.

Jogging can be used as a method to increase endurance or to provide a means of cardiovascular exercise but with less stress on joints or demand on the circulatory system.

Benefits

According to a study by Stanford University School of Medicine, jogging is effective in increasing human lifespan, and decreasing the effects of aging,^[7] with benefits for the cardiovascular system. Jogging is useful for fighting obesity and staying healthy.

Jogging in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California.

The National Cancer Institute has performed studies that suggest jogging and other types of aerobic exercise can reduce the risk of lung, colon, breast and prostate cancers, among others.^[8] It is suggested by the American Cancer Society that jogging for at least 30 minutes five days a week can help in cancer prevention.^[9]

While jogging on a treadmill will provide health benefits such as cancer prevention, and aid in weight loss, a study published in BMC Public Health reports that jogging outdoors can have the additional benefits of increased energy and concentration. Jogging outdoors is a better way to improve energy levels and advance mood than using a treadmill at the gym.^[10]

Jogging also prevents muscle and bone damage that often occurs with age, improves heart performance and blood circulation and assists in preserving a balanced weight gain.

A Danish study released in 2015 reported that "light" and "moderate" jogging were associated with reduced mortality compared to both non-jogging and "strenuous" jogging. The optimal amount per week was 1 to 2.4 hours, the optimal frequency was less than or equal to 3 times per week and the optimal speed was "slow" or "average".^[11]

See also

• Activewear


• Outline of running


• Physical exercise

References

General bibliography

• 
  Fixx, James. The Complete Book of Running (Hardcover), Random House; 1st edition, 12 September 1977. ISBN 0-394-41159-5.


• Fixx, James. Jim Fixx's Second Book of Running (Hardcover), Random House; 1st edition, 12 March 1980. ISBN 0-394-50898-X.


• Bowerman, William J.; Harris, W.E.; Shea, James M. Jogging, New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1967. LCCN 67016154.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jogging.

Look up Jogging in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.