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I have two passports, both US and China. I want to visit China with my Chinese passport for its convenience. Therefore, when I book my round-trip ticket to China, I have to enter my Chinese passport info and show them to the airline staff. So here comes the questions:

1. Since it was a round-trip ticket, my returning ticket also shows my Chinese passport info, if I show my green card to the airline staff, will they be able to verify the validity of my green card? (Since my green card automatically becomes invalid after I became a US citizen) In other words, will the APIS system verify visa/green card info other than just return a security clearance (check 'no-fly list' etc)?




2. Since I already entered my Chinese passport info as the APIS record, when I enter the US immigration, I have to use my US passport, but obviously the passport information won't match with the APIS record, will CBP consider this as a big problem?

I know somebody will ask me to enter my US passport info for APIS record for both departure and arrival flights, but I'm worried that the airline will submit these information to Chinese authorities, then they will know I have a US passport, but I don't have Chinese visa on it, also they may confiscate my Chinese passport.

There are at least four separate problems here. The following answer is speculative, but short of somebody working in Chinese immigration chiming in, you're unlikely to get a better answer.

Problem 1: Will the airline let you leave the US with a Chinese passport?

Likely answer: yes. In my experience, the US and its airlines understands the concept of multiple passports and are OK with it. If you show up at the US airport with a return trip to China and back and a Chinese passport, you'll be asked if you have a visa to return to the US: showing your American passport will easily solve this.

Now, it's possible they'll record your American passport details at this point and that those somehow filter down to somebody in China in a position to notice and care. However, on the occasions I've had to show multiple passports in the US, I don't think this has ever been the case. YMMV.

Problem 2: Will the airline in China let you board with a Chinese passport?

This is likely the most challenging bit. You'll need to show your green card or US passport to the airline at this point, and they will likely have to enter the details into the system so the US will let you in. Does this data also get piped to Chinese officials, and so fast that the immigration officer at the counter a few dozen meters away sees it? Seems unlikely, but China being a police state, who knows?

Problem 3: Will Chinese immigration let you through with an invalid green card?

Almost certainly yes. First, exit immigration is primarily concerned with whether you're a wanted criminal etc in China, whether you have a visa or not is a problem for the airline and not them. Even if they do check your green card, the US and China are not exactly best buddies, so I would be astonished if Chinese immigration had direct access to US immigration records.

Problem 4: Will the US let you in if your APIS data was with a Chinese passport?

This one there's no doubt: yes, they have to, you're an American citizen and have an absolute right to enter your own country.

So all in all, I'll go against prevailing opinion: I think your odds of pulling this off are fairly high. However, there is definitely a non-zero risk, and it would be safer to follow the process here to transit via a third country.