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Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
IATA: ATL ICAO: KATL FAA LID: ATL WMO: 72219
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner	City of Atlanta
Operator	Atlanta Department of Aviation
Serves	Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Location	Unincorporated areas of Fulton and Clayton counties; also Atlanta, College Park, and Hapeville, Georgia
Hub for	Delta Air Lines
Focus city for	Frontier Airlines Southwest Airlines Spirit Airlines
Elevation AMSL	1,026 ft / 313 m
Coordinates	33°38′12″N 084°25′41″W / 33.63667°N 84.42806°W / 33.63667; -84.42806Coordinates: 33°38′12″N 084°25′41″W / 33.63667°N 84.42806°W / 33.63667; -84.42806
Website	www.atl.com
Maps
FAA diagram
ATL Location of airport in Metro Atlanta Show map of Metro Atlanta ATL ATL (Georgia (U.S. state)) Show map of Georgia (U.S. state) ATL ATL (the United States) Show map of the United States ATL ATL (North America) Show map of North America
Runways
Direction Length Surface ft m 8L/26R 9,000 2,743 Concrete 8R/26L 9,999 3,048 Concrete 9L/27R 12,390 3,776 Concrete 9R/27L 9,000 2,743 Concrete 10/28 9,000 2,743 Concrete
Helipads
Number Length Surface ft m H1 52 17 Asphalt
Statistics (2018)
Total passengers 107,394,029 Aircraft operations 895,682
Source: Federal Aviation Administration[1]

Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL, ICAO: KATL, FAA LID: ATL), also known as Atlanta Airport, Hartsfield, or Hartsfield–Jackson, is an international airport 7 miles (11 km) south of downtown Atlanta, Georgia. It is named after former Atlanta mayors William B. Hartsfield and Maynard Jackson. The airport has 192 gates: 152 domestic and 40 international.^[2] ATL covers 4,700 acres (1,902 ha) of land and has five parallel runways.^[2]

The airport has international service within North America and to South America, Central America, Europe, Africa and Asia. As an international gateway to the United States, Hartsfield–Jackson ranks seventh.^[3] Many of the nearly one million flights are domestic flights; the airport is a major hub for travel in the southeastern region of the country.

Atlanta has been the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic since 2000, and by number of landings and take-offs every year since 2005 except 2014.^[4][5] Hartsfield–Jackson held its ranking as the world's busiest airport in 2012, both in passengers and number of flights, by accommodating 100 million passengers (more than 260,000 passengers daily) and 950,119 flights.^[3][6][7] In 2017, it remained the busiest airport in the world with 104 million passengers.^[8]

Hartsfield–Jackson is the primary hub of Delta Air Lines, and is a focus city for low-cost carriers Frontier Airlines, Southwest Airlines, and Spirit Airlines. With just over 1,000 flights a day to 225 domestic and international destinations, the Delta hub is the world's largest hub.^[9][10] Delta Air Lines flew 75.4% of the airport's passengers in February 2016, Southwest flew 9.2%, and American Airlines flew 2.5%.^[11] In addition to hosting Delta's corporate headquarters, Hartsfield–Jackson is also the home of Delta's Technical Operations Center, which is the airline's primary maintenance, repair and overhaul arm.^[12]

The airport is mostly in unincorporated areas of Fulton and Clayton counties, but it spills into the city limits of Atlanta,^[13]College Park,^[14] and Hapeville.^[15] The airport's domestic terminal is served by MARTA's Red and Gold rail lines.

History

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Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Legend
F gates/ International terminal Maintenance facility E gates D gates C gates B gates A gates T gates The Plane Train Domestic terminal Airport station ATL SkyTrain I-85 GICC/ Gateway Center hotels Rental car center Maintenance facility
This diagram: view talk edit

Hartsfield–Jackson began with a five-year, rent-free lease on 287 acres (116 ha) that was an abandoned auto racetrack named The Atlanta Speedway. The lease was signed on April 16, 1925, by Mayor Walter Sims, who committed the city to develop it into an airfield. As part of the agreement, the property was renamed Candler Field after its former owner, Coca-Cola tycoon and former Atlanta mayor Asa Candler. The first flight into Candler Field was September 15, 1926, a Florida Airways mail plane flying from Jacksonville, Florida. In May 1928, Pitcairn Aviation began service to Atlanta, followed in June 1930 by Delta Air Service. Later those two airlines, now known as Eastern Air Lines and Delta Air Lines, respectively, would both use Atlanta as their chief hubs.^[16] The airport's weather station became the official location for Atlanta's weather observations September 1, 1928, and records by the National Weather Service.^[17]

It was a busy airport from its inception and at the end of 1930 it was third behind New York City and Chicago for regular daily flights with sixteen arriving and departing.^[18] (In May 1931 Atlanta had four scheduled departures.) Candler Field's first control tower opened March 1939.^[19] The March 1939 Official Aviation Guide shows fourteen weekday airline departures: ten Eastern and four Delta.^[20]

In October 1940, the U.S. government declared it a military airfield and the United States Army Air Forces operated Atlanta Army Airfield jointly with Candler Field. The Air Force used the airport primarily to service many types of transient combat aircraft. During World War II the airport doubled in size and set a record of 1,700 takeoffs and landings in a single day, making it the nation's busiest in terms of flight operation. Atlanta Army Airfield closed after the war.^[19]

In 1942^[21] Candler Field was renamed Atlanta Municipal Airport and by 1948, more than one million passengers passed through a war surplus hangar that served as a terminal building. Delta and Eastern had extensive networks from ATL, though Atlanta had no nonstop flights beyond Texas, St Louis and Chicago until 1961. Southern Airways appeared at ATL after the war and had short-haul routes around the Southeast until 1979.

In 1957 Atlanta saw its first jet airliner: a prototype Sud Aviation Caravelle that was touring the country arrived from Washington D.C.^{[citation needed]} The first scheduled turbine airliners were Capital Viscounts in June 1956; the first scheduled jets were Delta DC-8s in September 1959. The first trans-Atlantic flight was the Delta/Pan Am interchange DC-8 to Europe via Washington starting in 1964; the first scheduled international nonstops were Eastern flights to Mexico City and Jamaica in 1971-72. Nonstops to Europe started in 1978 and to Asia in 1992–93.

Atlanta claimed to be the country's busiest airport, with more than two million passengers passing through in 1957 and, between noon and 2 p.m. each day, it became the world's busiest airport.^[19] (The April 1957 OAG shows 165 weekday departures from Atlanta, including 45 between 12:05 and 2:00 PM (and 20 between 2:25 and 4:25 AM).) Chicago Midway had 414 weekday departures, including 48 between 12:00 and 2:00 PM. In 1957, Atlanta was the country's ninth-busiest airline airport by flight count and about the same by passenger count.^[22]

That year work began on a $21 million terminal that opened May 3, 1961. It was the largest in the country and could handle over six million travelers a year; the first year nine and a half million people passed through.^[23] In March 1962 the longest runway (9/27, now 8R) was 7,860 feet (2,400 m); runway 3 was 5,505 feet (1,678 m) and runway 15 was 7,220 feet (2,200 m) long.

In 1971 the airport was named William B. Hartsfield Atlanta Airport after former Atlanta mayor William B. Hartsfield, who had died that year. The name change took effect on February 28, which would have been Hartsfield's 81st birthday. Later that year the name became William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport.^[24]

The airport's terminal until the 1970s was off Virginia Avenue, on the north side of the airport. Six pier concourses radiated from a central building.^[25] Construction began on the present midfield terminal in January 1977 under the administration of Mayor Maynard Jackson. It was the largest construction project in the South, costing $500 million. The complex was designed by Stevens & Wilkinson, Smith Hinchman & Grylls, and Minority Airport Architects & Planners.^[26] The new terminal opened on September 21, 1980, on-time and under budget.^[27] It was designed to accommodate up to 55 million passengers per year and covered 2.5 million square feet (230,000 m²). In December 1984 a 9,000-foot (2,700 m) fourth parallel runway was completed and another runway was extended to 11,889 feet (3,624 m) the following year.^[19]

In 1999 Hartsfield–Jackson's leadership established the Development Program: "Focus On the Future" involving multiple construction projects with the intention of preparing the airport to handle a projected demand of 121 million passengers in 2015. The program was originally budgeted at $5.4 billion over a ten-year period, but the total is now revised to be at over $9 billion.^[28]

In May 2001 construction of an over 9,000-foot (2,700 m) fifth runway (10–28) began. It was completed at a cost of $1.28 billion and opened on May 27, 2006.^[29] It bridges Interstate 285 (the Perimeter) on the airport's south side, making Hartsfield–Jackson the nation's only civil airport to have a runway above an interstate (although Runway 17R/35L at Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado crossed Interstate 70 until that airport closed in 1995). The massive project, which involved putting fill dirt eleven stories high in some places, destroyed some surrounding neighborhoods and dramatically changed the scenery of Flat Rock Cemetery and Hart Cemetery, both of which are on the airport property.^[30] It was added to help ease traffic problems caused by landing small- and mid-size aircraft on the longer runways used by larger planes such as the Boeing 777, which need longer runways than the smaller planes. With the fifth runway, Hartsfield–Jackson is one of only a few airports that can perform triple simultaneous landings.^[31]
The fifth runway is expected to increase the capacity for landings and take-offs by 40%, from an average of 184 flights per hour to 237 flights per hour.^[32]

Along with the fifth runway, a new control tower was built to see the entire length of the runway. The new control tower is the tallest in the United States, over 398 feet (121 m) tall. The old control tower, 585 feet (178 m) away from the new one, was demolished August 5, 2006.^[33]

Atlanta City Council voted on October 20, 2003, to rename the airport Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, to honor former mayor Maynard Jackson, who died June 23, 2003. The council planned to drop Hartsfield's name from the airport, but public outcry prevented this.^[34][35]

In April 2007 an "end-around taxiway" opened, Taxiway Victor. It is expected to save an estimated $26 million to $30 million in fuel each year by allowing airplanes landing on the northernmost runway to taxi to the gate area without preventing other aircraft from taking off. The taxiway drops about 30 feet (9.1 m) from runway elevation to allow takeoffs to continue.^[36]

After the Southeastern U.S. drought of 2007, the airport (the eighth-largest water user in the state) made changes to reduce water usage. This included adjusting toilets (725 commodes and 338 urinals) and 601 sinks. (The two terminals alone use 917,000 gallons or about 3.5 million liters a day.) It also stopped using firetrucks to spray water over aircraft when the pilot made a last landing before retirement (a water salute).^[37][38]
The city of Macon offered to sell water to the airport, through a proposed pipeline.^[39]

The airport today employs about 55,300 airline, ground transportation, concessionaire, security, federal government, City of Atlanta and Airport tenant employees and is the largest employment center in Georgia. With a payroll of $2.4 billion, the airport has a direct and indirect economic impact of $3.2 billion on the local and regional economy and an annual, regional economic impact of more than $19.8 billion.^[40] Since the opening of Concourse F in May 2012, the airport now has 192 gates which is the most at any airport.

In December 2015, the airport became the first airport in the world to serve 100 million passengers in a year.^[41]

Historical airline service

Delta and Eastern dominated the airport during the 1970s. United, Southern, Piedmont, Northwest and TWA were also present.^[42] In 1979, after airline deregulation, United and TWA no longer served Atlanta, while Southern successor Republic was the airport's third-largest carrier.^[43]

Eastern was a larger airline than Delta until deregulation in 1978, but Delta was early to adopt the hub and spoke route system, with Atlanta as a hub between the Midwest and Florida, giving it an advantage in the Atlanta market. Eastern ceased operations in 1991 due to labor issues; American Airlines considered establishing an Atlanta hub around that time, but decided Delta was too strong there and instead replaced Eastern's other hub in Miami, leaving Delta with a monopoly hub at Atlanta.^[44]

From the 1980s until Eastern's demise in 1991, Delta occupied Concourse A and part of Concourse B, Eastern occupied the remainder of Concourse B and Concourse C, other domestic airlines used Concourse D, and Concourse T was used by international flights.^[45][46] By the mid-1990s, Delta's hub grew to occupy all of Concourse B and the southern half of Concourse T, and international flights moved to the new Concourse E.^[47]

ValuJet was established in 1993 as low-cost competition for Delta at ATL. However, its safety practices were called into question early and the airline was grounded after the 1996 crash of ValuJet Flight 592. It resumed operations in 1997 as AirTran Airways and was the second-largest airline at ATL until it was acquired by Southwest in 2011 and absorbed into Southwest on December 28, 2014. Southwest is now the airport's second largest carrier.

Future

On August 28, 2014, the airport management unveiled a preliminary new master plan.^[48] Included in the preliminary master plan are the replacement of the existing domestic parking garages, an end-around taxiway and additional cargo facilities on the south side of the airport, the addition of three new international concourses (G, H, and I), the conversion of Concourse E to domestic use and a sixth runway.

On March 10, 2016, the final 20-year master plan was finalized.^[49] The final master plan includes the following:

• Modernization of the existing terminals.


• Construction of Concourse G.


• Expansion of Concourse D.


• Extension of Concourse T.


• Relocation of the turnback for The Plane Train.


• Construction of a new parking deck next to the Georgia International Convention Center.


• A new park-and-ride lot at Sullivan Road.


• Replacement of the existing domestic parking garages.


• A new hotel, travel plaza, and mixed use commercial complex.


• Repaving of the existing runways and taxiways.


• A new sixth runway.


• A new end-around taxiway.


• Replacement and relocation of cargo buildings, the fire station, and maintenance complexes.

Proposed Concourses H and I are not currently included in the final master plan, but may be added later if demand warrants in 2030 or later.

Facilities

Runways

Atlanta has five runways, all parallel, aligned east–west. 8L/26R and 8R/26L are north of the terminal area and 9L/27R, 9R/27L, and 10/28 are south of it. From north to south the runways are:^[2]

Runways at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International

E	Length	Width	W	Use	Notes
8L →	9,000 ft 2,700 m	150 ft 46 m	← 26R	Arrivals	Category III ILS
8R →	9,999 ft 3,048 m	150 ft 46 m	← 26L	Departures	Category II ILS
Terminal Area
9L →	12,390 ft 3,780 m	150 ft 46 m	← 27R	Departures	Category I ILS
9R →	9,000 ft 2,700 m	150 ft 46 m	← 27L	Arrivals	Category III ILS
10 →	9,000 ft 2,700 m	150 ft 46 m	← 28	Arrivals & Departures	Category II ILS

Under visual and marginal flying conditions (about 88% of the time) runways 26R and 27L handle arrivals and 26L and 27R handle departures. Runway 28 is assigned to either arrivals or departures, depending on what airfield operations has prioritized. Arrivals approach from the east, and departures take off to the west.

Under instrument conditions (about 12% of the time) the airfield shifts: arrivals approach from the west, and departures take off to the east. 8L and 9R handle arrivals, and 8R and 9L handle departures. Runway 10 is reassigned to arrivals or departures depending on airfield priority.^{[50][disputed – discuss]}

Terminal

Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport has terminal and concourse space totaling 6,800,000 square feet (630,000 m²).^[2]

There are two terminals, the Domestic Terminal and the Maynard H. Jackson Jr. International Terminal, where passengers check in and claim bags.

The Domestic Terminal is on the western side of the airport. It is divided into two sides – Terminal South and Terminal North – for ticketing, check-in, and baggage claim. Delta is the sole tenant of Terminal South, while all other domestic airlines are located at Terminal North. The portion of the building between Terminal North and Terminal South includes the Atrium, which is a large, open seating area featuring concessionaires, a bank, conference rooms, an interfaith chapel and offices on the upper floors with the main security checkpoint, the Ground Transportation Center and a MARTA station on other levels.^[51]

International flights arrive and depart from the international terminal, either concourse E or F, located on the eastern side of the airport. Concourse F and the new international terminal opened May 16, 2012, while concourse E opened in September 1994, in anticipation of the 1996 Summer Olympics. International pre-cleared flights can arrive at concourses T & A–D. International flights can also depart from concourses T & A–D, such as when space is unavailable at concourses E or F, or when an aircraft arrives as a domestic flight and continues as an international flight. Furthermore, all international pre-cleared flights, regardless of origin, will collect their baggage at the international terminal.

The 192 gates are located in seven concourses between the Domestic and International terminals. Concourse T is connected to the Domestic Terminal. The remaining six concourses from west to east are Concourses A, B, C, D, E, and F.^[2] Concourses A–D and T are used for domestic flights, while Concourses E and F are used for international flights and some domestic flights when gates at T or A–D are not available, or when an aircraft arrives as an international flight and continues as a domestic flight. Concourse F is directly connected to the International Terminal, while Concourse E has a designated walkway to the International Terminal and also has its own Federal Inspection station for connecting passengers. Delta Air Lines has gates and operations at all concourses.

The gates at each concourse:

• Concourse T: 17 gates


• Concourse A: 29 gates


• Concourse B: 32 gates


• Concourse C: 34 gates


• Concourse D: 40 gates


• Concourse E: 28 gates


• Concourse F: 12 gates

When the current passenger terminal opened in 1980, it consisted of only the domestic terminal, the north half of concourse T (which housed international flights), and concourses A-D. Concourse E opened in 1994 for international flights in time for the 1996 Summer Olympics, which were held in Atlanta.^[19] Once Concourse E was opened, Concourse T was converted to domestic use and the former U.S. Customs hall was converted into a dedicated baggage claim area for American Airlines. Concourse F and the International Terminal opened in 2012.

The terminals and concourses are connected by the Transportation Mall, a pedestrian tunnel with a series of moving walkways,^[52] and The Plane Train, an automated people mover. The Plane Train has stations along the Transportation Mall at the Domestic Terminal (which also serves Concourse T), at each of the six other concourses (including concourse F which is connected to the International Terminal), and at the domestic baggage claim area. The Plane Train is the world's busiest automated system, with over 64 million riders in 2002.^[52]

At one time, there was a second underground walkway between Concourses B and C that connected the north ends of the two concourses and made it possible to transfer without returning to the center of the concourse. This was constructed for Eastern Airlines, which occupied these two terminals. This walkway is now closed, and its entrance at Concourse B has been replaced by a bank of arrival/departure monitors.

Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center

The Hartsfield–Jackson Rental Car Center, which opened December 8, 2009, houses all ten airport rental agencies with capacity for additional companies. The complex features 9,900 parking spaces split between two four-story parking decks that together cover 2,800,000 square feet (260,000 m²), a 137,000-square-foot (12,700 m²) customer service center, and a maintenance center for vehicles that features 140 gas pumps and 30 wash bays equipped with a water recovery system. An automated people mover, the ATL SkyTrain, runs between the rental car center, the Domestic Terminal, and the Gateway Center of the Georgia International Convention Center,^[53] while a four-lane roadway that spans Interstate 85 connects the rental car center with the existing airport road network.^[54]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations	Refs
Aeroméxico Connect	Guadalajara, León/Del Bajío, Querétaro	[55]
Air Canada Express	Toronto–Pearson	[56]
Air Choice One	Jackson (TN)	[57]
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle Seasonal: Pointe-à-Pitre	[58]
Alaska Airlines	Seattle/Tacoma	[59]
American Airlines	Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–LaGuardia, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor	[60]
American Eagle	Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Miami, New York–LaGuardia, Washington–National	[60]
Boutique Air	Greenville (MS),[61]Muscle Shoals	[62]
British Airways	London–Heathrow	[63]
Delta Air Lines	Akron/Canton, Albany (NY), Albuquerque, Allentown, Amsterdam, Appleton, Aruba, Asheville, Augusta (GA), Austin, Baltimore, Baton Rouge, Belize City, Bermuda, Birmingham (AL), Bogotá, Bonaire, Boston, Brussels, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Buffalo, Burbank (begins July 8, 2019),[64]Cancún, Cartagena, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City (IA), Charleston (SC), Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Charlottesville, Chattanooga, Chicago–Midway, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Colorado Springs, Columbia (SC), Columbus–Glenn, Cozumel, Dallas–Love, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Daytona Beach, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, Düsseldorf, El Paso, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fayetteville (NC), Flint, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fort Walton Beach, Frankfurt, Gainesville, George Town/Great Exuma Island, Grand Cayman, Grand Rapids, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Guadalajara, Guatemala City, Gulfport/Biloxi, Harrisburg, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston–Hobby, Houston–Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (FL), Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo, Kansas City, Key West, Kingston–Norman Manley, Knoxville, Lafayette (LA), Lagos, Las Vegas, Lexington, Liberia (CR), Lima, Little Rock, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Louisville, Madison, Madrid, Managua, Manchester (NH), Melbourne (FL), Memphis, Mexico City, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Mobile, Montego Bay, Monterrey, Munich, Nashville, Nassau, Newark, New Orleans, Newport News, New York–JFK, New York–LaGuardia, Norfolk, Oakland, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario (begins April 22, 2019),[65]Orange County, Orlando, Panama City (FL), Panama City–Tocumen, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Pensacola, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Port-au-Prince, Portland (ME), Portland (OR), Providence, Providenciales, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Quito, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Rio de Janeiro–Galeão, Roanoke, Roatán, Rochester (NY), Rome–Fiumicino, Sacramento, St. Louis, St. Lucia, St. Maarten, St. Thomas, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), San José (Costa Rica), San José del Cabo, San Juan, San Pedro Sula, San Salvador, Santiago de Chile, Santiago de los Caballeros, Santo Domingo–Las Américas, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Sarasota, Savannah, Seattle/Tacoma, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Stuttgart, Syracuse, Tallahassee, Tampa, Tegucigalpa, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Tri-Cities (TN), Tucson, Tulsa, Vancouver, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National, West Palm Beach, White Plains, Wichita, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton, Wilmington (NC) Seasonal: Anchorage, Antigua, Barcelona, Bozeman, Dublin, Eagle/Vail, Fargo (ND), Green Bay, Grenada, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Jackson Hole, Kalispell, Milan–Malpensa, Missoula, Montréal–Trudeau, Montrose, Myrtle Beach, Palm Springs, Reno/Tahoe, South Bend, St. Croix, St. Kitts, Venice–Marco Polo, Zürich	[66]
Delta Connection	Akron/Canton, Albany (GA), Alexandria, Allentown, Appleton, Asheville, Augusta (GA), Baton Rouge, Bloomington/Normal, Brunswick, Burlington (VT), Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Charleston (WV), Charlottesville, Chattanooga, Columbia (SC), Columbus (GA), Columbus (MS), Dothan, Evansville, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fayetteville (NC), Flint, Fort Smith, Fort Walton Beach, Fort Wayne, Freeport, Gainesville, George Town/Great Exuma Island, Green Bay, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Gulfport/Biloxi, Havana, Hilton Head (begins May 23, 2019),[67]Huntsville, Jackson (MS), Jacksonville (NC), Key West, Knoxville, Lafayette, Lexington, Lincoln, Madison, Mobile, Moline/Quad Cities, Monroe, Montgomery, Montréal–Trudeau, Myrtle Beach, New Bern, Newport News, Omaha, Peoria, Roanoke, Rochester (MN), Shreveport, Sioux Falls, South Bend, Springfield/Branson, Tallahassee, Tri-Cities (TN), Tulsa, Valdosta, White Plains, Wilmington (NC) Seasonal: Aspen, Elmira (NY), Fargo (ND), Louisville, Marsh Harbour, Melbourne (FL), North Eleuthera, Rapid City, Traverse City	[66]
Frontier Airlines	Denver, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–LaGuardia, Orlando, Philadelphia (begins April 30, 2019),[68]Salt Lake City, San Francisco, San Juan, Trenton Seasonal: Austin, Cincinnati, Colorado Springs, Long Island/Islip, San Antonio, Sarasota	[69]
JetBlue Airways	Boston, Fort Lauderdale, New York–JFK, Orlando	[70]
KLM	Amsterdam	[71]
Korean Air	Seoul–Incheon	[72]
Lufthansa	Frankfurt	[73]
Qatar Airways	Doha	[74]
Southwest Airlines	Austin, Baltimore, Boston, Cancún, Chicago–Midway, Cleveland, Columbus–Glenn, Dallas–Love, Denver, Detroit (ends June 7, 2019),[75]Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Greenville/Spartanburg, Houston–Hobby, Indianapolis, Jacksonville (FL), Kansas City, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul (ends June 7, 2019),[75]Nashville, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Oakland, Orlando, Philadelphia, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Pittsburgh, Punta Cana, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, St. Louis, San Antonio, San Diego, Tampa, Washington–Dulles, Washington–National, West Palm Beach	[76]
Spirit Airlines	Austin (begins May 23, 2019), Baltimore, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Cleveland, Dallas/Fort Worth, Detroit, Fort Lauderdale, Houston–Intercontinental, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Newark, New Orleans, Orlando, Philadelphia, Tampa Seasonal: Atlantic City, Denver (begins May 2, 2019)[77]	[78]
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul–Atatürk (ends April 4, 2019), Istanbul (begins April 5, 2019)	[79]
United Airlines	Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, San Francisco, Washington–Dulles	[80]
United Express	Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Newark, Washington–Dulles	[80]
Virgin Atlantic	London–Heathrow, Manchester (UK)	[81]
WestJet	Calgary	[82]

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations
Aerologic	Frankfurt
AirBridgeCargo Airlines[83]	Amsterdam, Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Asiana Cargo	Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami
ASL Airlines Belgium	Liège
CAL Cargo Air Lines	Liège
CargoLogicAir	London–Stansted, Mexico City
Cargolux	Chicago–O'Hare, Huntsville, Glasgow–Prestwick, Luxembourg, Los Angeles, New York–JFK, Seattle/Tacoma
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Anchorage, Dallas/Fort Worth, Hong Kong
China Airlines Cargo	Anchorage, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines	Anchorage, Chicago–O'Hare, Shanghai–Pudong
DHL Aviation	Cincinnati, Miami
EVA Air Cargo	Anchorage, Osaka–Kansai, Taipei–Taoyuan
FedEx Express	Fort Lauderdale, Fort Worth/Alliance, Greensboro, Indianapolis, Memphis, Miami, Newark
Korean Air Cargo	Anchorage, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–JFK
Lufthansa Cargo	Frankfurt, Manchester (UK)
Qatar Airways Cargo	Anchorage, Doha, Houston–Intercontinental, Liège, Luxembourg, Mexico City, Pittsburgh
Singapore Airlines Cargo	Chicago–O'Hare, Los Angeles
Turkish Airlines Cargo	Istanbul–Atatürk, Shannon
UPS Airlines	Columbia (SC), Dallas/Fort Worth, Louisville, Miami, Philadelphia, San Juan

Statistics

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from ATL
(January 2018 - December 2018)^[84]

Rank	Airport	Passengers	Airlines
1	Orlando, Florida	1,465,730	Delta, Frontier, JetBlue, Southwest, Spirit
2	Fort Lauderdale, Florida	1,305,400	Delta, JetBlue, Southwest, Spirit
3	New York–LaGuardia, New York	1,205,840	American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest
4	Los Angeles, California	1,130,290	American, Delta, Frontier, Southwest, Spirit
5	Tampa, Florida	1,033,330	Delta, Southwest, Spirit
6	Boston, Massachusetts	991,410	Delta, JetBlue, Southwest, Spirit
7	Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas	905,840	American, Delta, Spirit
8	Baltimore, Maryland	868,970	Delta, Southwest, Spirit
9	Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois	849,240	American, Delta, Spirit, United
10	Washington–National, D.C.	846,070	American, Delta, Southwest

Busiest international routes from ATL (2016)^[85]

Rank	Airport	Scheduled Passengers	Carriers
1	Amsterdam, Netherlands	780,491	Delta, KLM
2	Paris, France	778,026	Air France, Delta
3	Cancún, Mexico	740,837	Delta, Southwest
4	London–Heathrow, United Kingdom	644,081	British Airways, Delta, Virgin Atlantic
5	Toronto–Pearson, Canada	547,882	Air Canada, Delta
6	Mexico City, Mexico	450,045	Delta
7	Punta Cana, Dominican Republic	389,304	Delta, Southwest
8	Montego Bay, Jamaica	356,408	Delta
9	Nassau, Bahamas	317,594	Delta
10	Frankfurt, Germany	291,450	Delta, Lufthansa

Airline market share

Largest Airlines at ATL (January 2018 - December 2018)^[84]

Rank	Airline	Passengers	Share
1	Delta Air Lines	66,502,000	72.71%
2	Southwest Airlines	9,780,000	10.69%
3	Endeavor Air	2,942,000	3.22%
4	American Airlines	2,538,000	2.77%
5	Spirit Airlines	2,235,000	2.44%

Annual traffic

Traffic by calendar year

	Passengers	Change from previous year	Aircraft operations	Cargo tonnage[86]
2000	78,092,940	02.77%	N/A	935,892
2001	80,162,407	02.65%	915,454	865,991
2002	75,858,500	05.37%	890,494	735,796
2003	76,876,128	01.34%	889,966	734,083
2004	79,087,928	02.88%	911,727	802,248
2005	83,606,583	05.71%	964,858	862,230
2006	85,907,423	02.75%	980,386	767,897
2007	84,846,639	01.23%	976,447	746,502
2008	89,379,287	05.34%	994,346	720,209
2009	90,039,280	00.74%	978,824	655,277
2010	88,001,381	02.23%	970,235	563,139
2011	92,389,023	03.53%	923,996	659,129
2012	94,956,643	03.10%	952,767	684,576
2013	94,431,224	01.13%	911,074	616,365
2014	96,178,899	01.85%	868,359	601,270
2015	101,491,106	05.52%	882,497	626,201
2016	104,258,124	02.73%	898,356	648,595
2017	103,902,992	00.26%	879,560	685,338
2018	107,394,029	03.33%	895,682	693,790
Source: Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport[3]

Ground transportation

Road

The domestic terminal is accessed directly from Interstate 85 at exit 72. The international terminal is accessed directly from Interstate 75 at exit 239. These freeways in turn connect with the following additional freeways within 10 miles: Interstate 285, Interstate 675, Georgia State Route 166, Interstate 20.

Public transit

Hartsfield–Jackson has its own train station on the city's rapid transit system, MARTA. The above-ground station is inside in the main building, between the north and south domestic terminals on the west end. The Airport station is currently the southernmost station in the MARTA system.^[87]

Rental Car Center

The Rental Car Center (RCC) is a one-stop facility that houses 13 rental car brands and vehicles for ATL guests. Operating 24 hours a day, seven days a week, the RCC is just a few minutes away from ATL via the ATL SkyTrain, an electric-powered automated people mover system that connects the Rental Car Center to additional parking and the airport. The following rental car companies operate from the RCC: Advantage, Airport Rent A Car, Alamo, Avis, Budget, Dollar, E-Z Rent-A-Car, Enterprise, Hertz, National, Payless, Sixt and Thrifty.^[88]

ATL SkyTrain

The ATL SkyTrain also serves the Georgia International Convention Center, the Atlanta Airport Marriott Gateway, SpringHill Suites Atlanta Airport Gateway, and the Renaissance Atlanta Airport Gateway Hotel.

Other facilities

The 990 Toffie Terrace hangar, a part of Hartsfield–Jackson Airport,^[89] and located within the City of College Park corporate limits, is owned by the City of Atlanta.^[14] The building now houses the Atlanta Police Department Helicopter Unit.^[90][91] It once served as the headquarters of the regional airline ExpressJet.^[92]

Before the merger, Atlantic Southeast Airlines headquartered in the hangar, then named the A-Tech Center.^[93] In December 2007, the airline announced it was moving its headquarters into the facility, previously named the "North Hangar." The 203,000-square-foot (18,900 m²) hangar includes 100,000 square feet (9,300 m²) of hangar bays for aircraft maintenance. It has 17 acres (6.9 ha) of adjacent land and 1,400 parking spaces for employees. The airline planned to relocate 100 employees from Macon, Georgia to the new headquarters. The Atlanta City Council and Mayor of Atlanta Shirley Franklin approved of the new 25-year ASA lease, which also gave the airline new hangar space to work on 15 to 25 aircraft in overnight maintenance; previously its aircraft were serviced at Concourse C. The airport property division stated that the hangar was built in the 1960s and renovated in the 1970s. Eastern Airlines and Delta Air Lines had previously occupied the hangar. Delta's lease originally was scheduled to expire in 2010, but the airline returned the lease to the City of Atlanta in 2005 as part of its bankruptcy settlement. The city collected an insurance settlement of almost $900,000 as a result of the cancellation.^[89]

Restaurant contracts

Restaurant contracts at the airport are worth about $3 billion and complaints over the contracts fit into a historical pattern of allegations of "cronyism and political influence" at the airport. Concession company SSP America sued the City of Atlanta to challenge the methods used to award contracts, but this suit was dropped in 2012.^[94] Contracts are awarded on a preferential basis if a business qualifies as an "airport concessions disadvantaged business enterprise".^[95] The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) challenged the disadvantaged business status of four businesses—Mack II's, Hojeij Branded Foods, Atlanta Restaurant Partners and Vida Concessions—though a review by the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) in 2012 concluded that the evidence did not support decertifying the businesses, and the FAA said it will review the GDOT documents before possibly appealing to the U.S. Department of Transportation.^[95] An internal GDOT audit found calculation errors in 27 of 40 cases it reviewed for disadvantaged status.^[96]

Culture

As the dominant airport in the Southern United States and the nation's (and world's) busiest in terms of passengers handled (mainly due to being Delta's flagship hub), an old joke in the South quips that, upon one's death, regardless of whether one goes to Heaven or Hell one will connect in Atlanta to get there.^{[97][98][99][100][101][102]}

Scenes from the movies Due Date and Life as We Know It, both released in 2010, were filmed and had scenes take place on location at Hartsfield Airport. Also, the films Unaccompanied Minors and Cabin Fever, released in 2006 and 2002 respectively, similarly featured Hartsfield Airport.^[103]

In a parody Star Wars episode of Family Guy entitled "It's a Trap!", Stewie Griffin, playing Darth Vader, joked that "Even though we're in a galaxy far, far away, we still have to change in Atlanta."

Accidents and incidents

• On May 23, 1960, Delta Air Lines Flight 1903, a Convair CV-880-22-1 (N8804E), crashed on takeoff resulting in the loss of all four crew members. This flight was to be a training flight for two Delta captains who were being type-rated on the 880.^[104]


• On February 25, 1969, Eastern Air Lines Flight 955 was hijacked by one passenger shortly after takeoff from ATL. The man pulled a .22 caliber pistol and demanded to be flown to Cuba. He departed in Cuba while the DC-8 was allowed to fly back to the U.S.^[105]


• On January 18, 1990, an Eastern Airlines Boeing 727 overran a Beechcraft King Air operated by Epps Air Service, based at another Atlanta airport. The King Air had landed and was taxiing when the 727, still at high speed in its landing roll, collided with the aircraft. The larger plane's wing impacted the roof of the smaller. The pilot of the King Air, an Epps charter pilot, was killed, while a passenger survived. No crew or passengers of the Eastern plane were injured.^[106]


• On November 1, 1998, AirTran Airways Flight 867 (Boeing 737-200) lost control and skidded off of the runway while landing, with main landing gear in a drainage ditch and its empennage extending over the taxiway. The nose gear was folded back into the electrical/electronic compartment and turned 90 degrees from its normal, extended position. The cause was an improperly repaired hydraulic line leak.^[107]


• On March 13, 2012, two airport engineers were running a test on the engines of a Delta Air Lines Boeing 737-700. The brakes failed during the test, and the airplane rolled down the runway, ran over a chain link fence, and crashed downhill into an embankment 25 feet below. One of the airport engineers was injured, and both engines and front landing gear had to be repaired on the plane.

See also

• Atlanta's second airport


• Candler Field Museum


• Georgia World War II Army Airfields


• List of busiest airports by aircraft movements


• List of busiest airports by cargo traffic


• List of busiest airports by international passenger traffic


• List of busiest airports by passenger traffic


• List of the busiest airports in the United States


• World's busiest airport

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport.

• Official website


• 
  Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Official YouTube


• Atlanta Journal-Constitution


• Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport 1961–1980


• 
  Historic photos of Atlanta Airport – Over 100 pages of historic ATL photos including dozens of vintage photos from the LIFE archive.


• 
  Atlanta Airport Time Machine – ATL Airport historian David Henderson's Google Maps mashup featuring historical locations and associated photography.


• Los Angeles Airport


• Atlanta Airport Parking Guide


• Airport webcams, flight timetables & pilot data


• 
  FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective March 28, 2019


• 
  


• Resources for this airport:
  
  • AirNav airport information for KATL
    
  
  
  • ASN accident history for ATL
    
  
  
  • FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
    
  
  
  • NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
    
  
  
  • SkyVector aeronautical chart for KATL
    
  
  
  • FAA current ATL delay information