List of fried dough foods

This is a list of fried dough foods. Many cultures have dishes that are prepared by deep frying dough in many various forms. Doughnuts are a type of fried dough food that are covered separately in the Wikipedia article List of doughnut varieties.

Fried dough foods[edit]

Name	Origin	Description (including main ingredients and notable aspects)
Akara, Acarajé	West Africa, Brazil	Fried dough made from ground black-eyed peas or black-eyed pea flour. Onions, peppers, and salt to taste are added for more flavor. Typically eaten as a breakfast with "pap,"or custard locally called akamu by Igbo people.
Achappam	Kerala, India	Sweet, shaped like a star
Awameh	Levant	is a kind of fried-dough Levantine pastry similar to doughnut holes, made of deep fried dough, soaked in sugar syrup or honey and cinnamon, and sometimes sprinkled with sesame.
Bamiyeh, zulbiā, ballıbadı	Iran, Azerbaijan	Traditional treat made from a yogurt and starch-based dough, which is fried before being dipped in syrup. Similar to Turkish tulumba.
Bánh chuối chiên	Vietnam	Banana fritter. Several varieties of banana may be used.
Bánh gối	Vietnam	Empanada-like pastry filled with minced cellophane noodles, minced pork, cloud ear fungus, and thin slices of Chinese sausage.
Bánh rán, bánh cam	Vietnam	Glutinous rice ball coated with white sesame seeds and filled with sweetened mung bean paste.
Bánh rế	Vietnam	Sweet potato pancake.
Bánh tôm (bánh tôm Hồ Tây)	Vietnam	Sweet potato–battered shrimp fritter.
Bannock	Canada	Also called frybread
Bannock	Scotland	A bread the same thickness as a scone. Native Americans and particularly Métis, in western Canada and the northern Great Plains in the United States, adopted bannock in their own cuisine over the 18th and 19th centuries.
BeaverTails	Canada	Pastries^[1] - registered trademark, oblong shaped fried dough, like American elephant ears
Beignet	France	The pastry is also present in New Orleans, Louisiana as a deep-fried choux pastry covered with confectioner's sugar in the U.S. and Belgium, and sometimes described as a French doughnut; however, as with other variants of fried sweet pastry, the beignet typically has its own distinctive characteristics (shape and texture). These differences are sufficient in the minds of some of beignet devotees to object to it being considered a doughnut.
Berliner	Germany and Switzerland	The doughnut equivalents, typically do not have the typical ring shape (except for a variety in southern Germany as so-called Auszogne which have a ring shape but a skin in the middle) but instead are solid, usually filled with jam. (German doughnuts are sometimes called "Berlin doughnuts" in the US.)
Bhatoora	Indian Punjab, Pakistan	Very chewy bread made by flattened dough being fried until it puffs into a light brown fluffy form.
Binangkal	Philippines	Fried flour balls covered with sesame seeds
Bolinho de chuva	Brazil	Deep-fried sweet dough balls
Bomboloni	Italy	Similar to German Berliner, with a cream (or chocolate) filling.
Boortsog	Central Asia	A fried dough food found in the cuisines of Central Asia, Idel-Ural, and Mongolia. They may be thought of as cookies or biscuits, and since they are fried, they are sometimes compared to doughnuts.
Bugnes	France
Buñuelo	Spain	They typically consist of a simple, wheat-based yeast dough, often flavored with anise, that is thinly rolled, cut or shaped into individual pieces, then fried and finished off with a sweet topping. Buñuelos are first known to have been consumed among Spain's Morisco population.
Çäkçäk	Tatarstan, Bashkortostan (Russia)	A sweet made from unleavened dough cut and rolled into hazelnut-sized balls, which are then deep-fried in oil.
Chakli (Murukku)	India	A South Indian snack of savory crunchy twists made from rice and urad dal flour.^[2]Murukku means twisted in the Tamil language.^[3] The town of Manapparai in Tamil Nadu is particularly known for its murukku.^[4] Murukku is made in many varieties as a traditional treat for festivals such as Diwali and Krishna Janmashtami.^[5] Murukku are often served on special occasions within Iyer (Tamil Brahmin) families.^[6]
Chapssal doughnut	Korea	Chewy, mildly sweet doughnuts made with glutinous rice flour and filled with sweetened red bean paste.
Chiacchiere	Italy	And lattughe in Lombardy
Cenci	Italy	And Donzelle in Tuscany- Chiacchiere (also called cenci - lit. 'rags') can be served with honey on top (or powdered sugar). Donzelle are stripes of fried bread dough, usually served with ham and mozzarella.
Chiburekki	Central Asia, Crimea, Russia	A fried turnover with a filling of ground or minced meat and onions. It is made with a single round piece of dough folded over the filling in a half-moon shape. A national dish of the Crimean Tatars, it is also popular throughout Central Asia, Russia, Ukraine, Turkey.
Churro	Spain	A thin cylinder of deep-fried pastry with a characteristic 'ridged' surface, due to being extruded through a star shaped hole. Churros are often had for breakfast or in local fiestas, matched with thick chocolate or white coffee. They are sometimes homemade or bought frozen to fry at home, but most are bought at cafes or from fixed or ambulatory churrerías.
Ciambelle	Italy	The doughnut equivalents (but they are never glazed)
Coxinha	Brazil	A croquette-like food with chicken filling.
Croquettes	Europe	Usually made of mashed-potato.
Crostoli	Italy	Or crostui in Friuli Venezia Giulia
Curry bread	Japan	A curry-filled bread, dipped in panko and deep fried. It is usually pre-packaged and sold in convenience stores and bakeries.
Dutchie	Canada	Originated at Tim Horton's restaurants, is a square doughnut-like pastry topped with raisins and a sugary glaze
Elephant ears	United States	Fairground specialty, a large, flat round fried yeast dough, often covered in fruit or sugar, also called fried bread, fried dough, Whales Tails™, tiger ears, pizza frita, frying saucers, doughboys. Similar to Canadian BeaverTails
Empaná	Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire (Caribbean)	Dough made from pre-cooked cornmeal, salt, sugar, aniseseed, buter, and water. It can have various fillings and is fried in oil. The filling can be ground meat, cheese, chicken, or tuna. Empaná's are sold at all places that cater to eaters on the go during the day as a filling snack but mostly in the morning as a fast breakfast item. At parties often smaller sized ones are served.
Falafel	Middle East	Deep-fried balls of ground chickpeas or fava bean. Very popular amongst vegans and vegetarians as an alternative to kebab, as it's served alongside hummus, wrapped in a lavash with fresh vegetables and various sauces, and usually available in kebab spots.
Fartura	Portugal	Fairground specialty, fried in a spiral and then snipped into pieces that are powdered with sugar (see fartura)
Faworki	Poland	Also known as chrust, is a fried, crispy flat dough, sometimes twisted and sprinkled with confectioners' sugar.
Frappe	Italy	And Sfrappole in Emilia Romagna
Festival	Jamaica	Fried Sweet Dough ^[7]
Fraser	United Kingdom	A disc of leavened wheat flour dough shallow fried in oil. A traditional dish prepared by travelling communities, usually in a frying pan over an open fire. Frasers may be savory or sweet and can contain spices, chopped onions, garlic and tomatoes. In the 1990s frasers became a staple food of British environmental activists occupying wild sites threatened by government road building programs.
Fried bread	United Kingdom	- Is triangular (usually) quarter or half slices of white bread fried in, traditionally, bacon dripping, and served on a plate with eggs, bacon, sausage, black pudding, beans and tomatoes as part of a traditional "Full English breakfast".
Fried Coke	United States	A creation made in the summer of 2006 which has proven very popular in Texas. Batter is mixed with Coca-Cola syrup and fried, after which it is topped with more Coke syrup or whipped cream, a cherry, etc.^[8]
Frittelle	Italy
Fritter		Is any kind of food coated in batter and deep fried. Although very similar to a doughnut it differs in the fact that it requires some base ingredient beyond the dough it is cooked with.
Fritule	Croatia
Frybread	United States	(Also known as "popovers") is a Native American fried dough which may range from bread-like to donut-like depending on the source, as many tribes use different recipes.
Funnel cake	United States	A creation which is made with fried sweet pastry where the pastry dough is extruded through a funnel into a pan of hot oil and allowed to "criss-cross" in the oil until the string of dough fills the bottom of the pan in a kind of tangled spaghetti-like arrangement, which is cooked as a cake rather than an individual snack. Funnel cakes are usually associated with carnivals, fairs, amusement parks, and seaside towns, much like cotton candy.
Gogoşi	Romania	Round or ring shaped, fried dough usually topped with powdered sugar or filled with fruit jam or chocolate cream.
Haliva	Circassia (Russia)	A fried dough turnover filled with either potatoes or Circassian cheese.
Hirschhörner	Germany	A dough that uses Hirschhornsalz and Pottasche as leavening agents. The dough is rolled out thin, cut into diamonds. One corner is pulled through a slit cut in the middle of each diamond. They are then deep fried, dripped off and turned over in a bowl of granulated sugar until covered. A Northern German specialty prepared on New Year's Eve.
Hushpuppies	United States	Savory fried dough balls made from a heavy cornmeal batter
Jalebi	India, Pakistan	(Hindi: जलेबी, Urdu: جلیبی‎, Punjabi: ਜਲੇਬੀ, Telugu: జిలేబి) or Jilapi (Bengali: জিলাপী), this is a deep-fried sweet batter with rose water and saffron. Similar to Persian Zoolbiya.
Jersey wonders	Jersey	These are also known as Mèrvelles
Jin deui	China	A hollow fried pastry made of glutinous rice flour that is coated with sesame seeds and filled with a sweet filling.
Kachori	India	Dough balls filled with different kinds of savoury stuffings like de-skinned moong bean, de-skinned black gram, etc. along with salt, pepper, red chili powder and other spices.
Kachori	Pakistan	Doughnuts filled with ground beef or lamb and deep fried. Vegetarian ones often contain potatoes.
Karinto	Japan
Khuushuur	Mongolia	A fried turnover with a filling of ground or minced meat (beef or mutton), onions or garlic, and other spices.
Khvorost	Russia	In Russian Хворост, crisp pastry made out of dough shaped into thin twisted ribbons, deep-fried and sprinkled with powdered sugar
Kleina	Iceland	(Plural Kleinur)
Klejne	Denmark	(Plural "Klejner")
Koeksister	South Africa	A traditional South African confectionery made of fried dough infused in syrup or honey. The name derives from the Dutch word "koek", which generally means a wheat flour confectionery, also the origin of the American English word "cookie"
Krafne	Croatia	From German - Krapfen
Krapfen	Austria and Bavaria	Round, fried dough typically filed with apricot jam or vanilla cream and topped with powdered sugar.
Kroštule	Croatia	Other local names: hruštule, hrustule, hrostule, krustavice, krustule (From Latin Crustulum – cookie, pastry).
Lángos	Hungary
Laufabrauð	Iceland	A traditional kind of Icelandic bread that is most often eaten in the Christmas season.^[9] Originating from northern Iceland but now eaten throughout the entire country,^[9] it consists of round, very thin flat cakes with a diameter of about 15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches), decorated with leaf-like, geometric patterns and fried briefly in hot fat or oil.^[10]
Lokma or Loukoumades	Turkey, Greece	Somewhat like crisp doughnut holes, loukoumades (pronounced loo-koo-MA-thes) consist of deep-fried dough balls marinated in honey and cinnamon.
Lörtsy	Finland	A thin, half-moon shaped pastry originally from Savonlinna, eastern Finland. It is made with a variety of fillings; the most common ones are either a savory meat filling or a sweet apple filling.
Luchi	India (Eastern) Bangladesh	Made of wheat flour typical of Oriya, Assamese and Bengali cuisine, dough is made by mixing fine maida flour with water and spoonful of ghee, then divided in small balls, flattened by rolling-pin, individually deep-fried in cooking oil or ghee, 4-5 inches diameter, usually served with curries or gravies.
Luqmat al-qadi	Middle East	(لقمة القاضي) literally, judge's mouthful, this is a relative and etymological ancestor of the Greek Loukoumas. Also called sfingis (in Arabic) and lokma (Turkish, see below).
Ma Hua	China	A fried dough twist made by frying a bar of dough in peanut oil. Ma hua has a shiny and golden look.
Malasada	Portugal	A fried dough from Sao Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal which are also popular in Hawaii and in Cape Cod Massachusetts, where they are called "flippers".
Mandazi	East Africa	A fried bread (served with no glazing or frosting) that is popular in areas around the Swahili countries of Kenya and Tanzania. Often eaten along with breakfast or tea, or as a snack by itself.
Meat doughnut	Finland	(Lihapiirakka)
Mеkitzi	Bulgaria	(Мекици)- similar to Funnel cake
Mutzenmandeln	Germany	Dough triangles, deep fried and covered in confectioner's sugar. Originally from Southern Germany, now a common fair snack and offered by pastry stalls around Christmas throughout Germany.
Namak pare	Pakistan, India	A crunchy savory snack of the Indian Subcontinent, they're ribbon-like strips of pastry delicately seasoned with cumin seeds, carom seeds, and caraway seeds and deep fried in pure ghee (clarified butter).
Nonnevotte	Netherlands and Belgium	(Literally "nuns' bottoms"), eaten around the Carnival season in Limburg.
Oliebollen / Smoutebollen	Netherlands and Belgium	Referred to as "Dutch doughnuts" (or occasionally as 'Dutch Donuts') which contain pieces of apple and/or dried fruit like raisins, traditionally eaten around New Year.
Ox-tongue pastry	China	An elliptical-shaped dough that resembles an ox tongue. They are sweet in taste and the texture is chewy and fine.
Pączki	Poland	Springy doughnuts filled with jam, often coated with granulated or powdered sugar. See also Ponchiki (Russian, Пончики or pyshki (пышки)) or Ponichki (Bulgarian, Понички).
Pakora	India, Pakistan	Also called bhajji in India, Telugu: పకోడి, this is a deep-fried vegetable fritters in a gram flour batter. In Pakistan, pakoras filled with ground beef are also common.
Pampushky	Ukraine	(Пампушки)
Panikeke	Samoa	Also called panikeke lapotopoto, this is a deep fried sweetened fritter. Panikeke are often served with butter and/or jam.
Papadum (Papar)	India	Also called papad, papar, etc., this is a fried wafer made from a dough made of lentils (often urad dal) and spices. When fried as a dough or with sufficient moisture, it is called pappaṭam. When fried dry, it is called appal am.
Papadum	Pakistan	A fried wafer made of rice flour and often sprinkled with spices eaten as a snack.
Paraoa Parai	New Zealand	Fried wheat dough, sometimes with fermented potato (rewena) leavening.^[11] Often served with butter and golden syrup.
Paratha	Bangladesh, India, Pakistan	Also called parantha, porota, etc., this is a pan-fried flatbread, often stuffed with vegetables, cheese, or ground meat. In Pakistan, parathas stuffed with either potatoes, radishes or ground meat are popular and a common breakfast dish. Layered parathas or "lachah/tehdaar" parathas are often used as a wrap for 'kebab rolls'.
Pastechi	Curaçao, Aruba, and Bonaire (Caribbean)	Pastry made from white flower, baking powder, salt, sugar, water, and lard or butter. It can have various fillings and is traditionally fried in oil, but for lesser fat content and more healthy version it can be baked in the oven. The filling is usually ground meat or cheese, but chicken, tuna and saltfish (bakiou) are also very popular. On Aruba more variations for the fillings are prepared, like corned beef, curry chicken, ham & cheese, conch meat. Pastechi's are sold at all places that cater to eaters on the go during the day as a filling snack but mostly in the morning as a fast breakfast item. At parties often smaller sized ones are served.
Pastel	Brazil	A thin pastry envelope containing minced meat, catupiry and chicken, shrimp or another filling and then deep-fried.
Pasztecik szczeciński	Poland	Machine-produced deep-fried yeast dough stuffed with meat or vegetarian filling
Peremech or belyash	Tatarstan, Bashkortostan (Russia)	Peremech (Tatar: пәрәмәч) is a fried bun made of either leavened or unleavened dough and stuffed with minced meat. It usually has a hole in the middle. A similar dish is called belyash (Russian: беляш) in Russian.
Pestiños	Spain
Petulla	Albania	Dough with yeast. Very similar to the fried dough found in US amusement parks and fairs.
Picarones	Peru	A sweet, ring-shaped pumpkin-based fritter; often served with a molasses syrup.
Pirozhki, pyrizhki	Bulgaria, Russia, Ukraine	Pirozhki (Russian: пирожки) or pyrizhki (Ukrainian: пирiжки) are traditional Eastern European baked or fried buns stuffed with a variety of fillings.
Porras	Spain	Often served for breakfast, especially in Madrid).
Priganice	Montenegro	Fritters or flat doughnuts served with honey, cheese, or jam.
Puff Puff	Nigeria	Also a West African dish, is a fried sweet dough (with no glazing or frosting) made from flour, sugar, yeast, and vanilla extract, typically served as an appetizer when entertaining guest, or bought as a snack from a street vendor.
Puftaloon	Australia	Made from flour, salt, butter, milk, traditionally fried in animal fat, popular with children in winter.
Puri	India	Unleavened, made of wheat flour (refined, whole-wheat, or coarse), dough of flour and salt rolled into small circle or bigger and cut into small circles, deep fried in ghee or vegetable oil, puffs up in all directions like a round ball from steam inside. Variations include the North Indian bhatoora (Hindi: भटूरा bhaṭūrā) and the Bengali luchi (Bengali: লুচি)
Poori	Pakistan	Unleavened, made of all-purpose flour and deep-fried bread. It is served in breakfast with chickpeas and semolina halwa as a part of 'halwa poori'.
Papri	India	Crisp fried dough wafers made from refined white flour and oil. In papri chaat, the papris are served with boiled potatoes, boiled chick peas, chilis, yogurt and tamarind chutney and topped with chaat masala and sev.
Rissole	France	Minced meat or fish, enclosed in pastry and deep fried.
Rosette	Sweden	Ornate irons are dipped into batter and then dropped into hot oil. The pastry quickly separates from the iron, which is removed. The rosettes are then fried to a light brown, removed from the oil, and sprinkled with powdered sugar.
Rosquillas	Spain
Samosa	India, Pakistan	Including variants such as mitha samosa, shingara, etc., this is a deep-fried filled pastry
Sata andagi	Japan	A sweet, ball-shaped snack, similar to the doughnut, native to the Okinawa Prefecture.
Schneeballen	Germany	"Snowballs". Dough cut into strips, formed into a ball and fried then covered in toppings; popular in Rothenburg.
Shuangbaotai	China	A sweet fried dough food with cavernous holes in the food and a crisp outside. They are made by sticking two small pieces of dough together and frying them, causing them to separate slightly while still connected, thus resembling conjoined twins, for which the food is named.
Shelpek	Kazakhstan	A deep-fried flatbread commonly consumed all over Kazakhstan.
Smultring	Norway	Literally "lard ring", this is similar to a doughnut but smaller, without glacing or filling, and flavored with cardamom.
Sopaipilla	United States, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Uruguay	A fried dough side dish or dessert popular among Mexican-Americans in the Southwest. Sopaipillas puff with air when fried, the finished product resembling a pillow. They are often served with honey, but may also be sprinkled with a cinnamon and sugar mixture. Sopaipillas are characteristic of Tex-Mex or New Mexican cuisine.
Struffoli	Italy	A dessert of Neapolitan origin
Sufganiyah	Israel (Jewish)
Telebhaja (Bengali fritters)	Bengal
Tenkasu	Japan	Often produced as byproduct of Tempura cooking, because bits of fried batter are easily made while deep frying, but they are also produced at factories by deep frying trickling batter.
Timbit	Canada	Doughnut holes sold in many different flavors, originating at Tim Hortons and seen as somewhat iconic in Canada.
Toutin or Touton	Canada	Fried bits of leftover bread dough, often served with molasses. Most popular on Newfoundland.
Tulumba	Turkey, Balkans	Traditional treat consisting of fried batter soaked in syrup. Similar to bamiyeh in Iranian cuisine.
Twisted doughnut	Korea, Philippines	A traditional doughnut variant from Korea and the Visayas islands of the Philippines with a distinctive twisted shape
Urrädla	Germany	A fried dough made in Upper Franconia and served sprinkled with powdered sugar. It is a specialty of Franconian Switzerland, in the area around Forchheim. Also called Braada (breite) Küchla.^[12]
Uštipci	Serbia
Vada	India	Also called vara, bara, etc., this is lentil cakes shaped into patties or donut shapes
Verhuny	Ukraine	(Вергуни) or Khvorost (хворост), literally angel wings
Vetkoek	South Africa	Pronounced FET-kook, this is a fried bread dough traditional to Afrikaner and also called magwenya by the indigenous population. It is typically rolled into a ball or hot dog bun shape.
Youtiao	China	A popular breakfast food in Chinese culture. They are savory and oily in taste. The texture is crispy on the outside and chewy on the inside with large holes.
Zeppole	Italy	Commonly light-weight, deep-fried dough balls about 2 inches (5.1 cm) in diameter, these doughnuts or fritters are usually topped with powdered sugar and may be filled with custard, jelly, cannoli-style pastry cream or a butter-and-honey mixture.

Fried dough foods

Funnel cake

American-style beignets with powdered sugar

Kaya balls in tray

References[edit]

^ "Canadian Trademarks Details 0608414-0 - Canadian Trademarks Database - Intellectual property and copyright - Canadian Intellectual Property Office - Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada". www.ic.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 May 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

^ "Murukku history". Munchy Murukkus. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

^ "Murukku". Culinary Encyclopedia by ifood.tv. FutureToday Inc. Archived from the original on 2013-04-29. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

^ Gerald, Olympia Shilpa. "In search of Manapparai Murukku". The Hindu. The Hindu. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

^ "Diwali Savory Recipes: Marukku". Edible Garden. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

^ Devasahayam, Theresa. "When We Eat What We Eat: Classifying Crispy Foods in Malaysian Tamil Cuisine". Anthropology of food. OpenEdition. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

^ "Jamaican Fried Dough - Festival". Retrieved 26 May 2017.

^ "Top News, Latest headlines, Latest News, World News & U.S News - UPI.com". UPI. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

^ ^a^b Salvör Gissurardóttir (2000). "Laufabrauð - "Leaf Bread"". Archived from the original on 2007-12-15. Retrieved 2007-12-09.

^ Hanneck, Maike (2004). Island-Kochbuch (in German). túrí. pp. 30–31. ISBN 9979-9641-0-3. OCLC 76585143.

^ "Fried Bread (Paraoa Parai)". Allrecipes.com.au. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

^ "Genussregion Oberfranken - Deutsch » Spezialitäten » Genussregion von A-Z". www.genussregion.oberfranken.de. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

External links[edit]

^[permanent dead link] Ethnic fried doughs around the world

[1] "Canadian Trademarks Details 0608414-0 - Canadian Trademarks Database - Intellectual property and copyright - Canadian Intellectual Property Office - Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada". www.ic.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 May 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

[2] "Murukku history". Munchy Murukkus. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

[3] "Murukku". Culinary Encyclopedia by ifood.tv. FutureToday Inc. Archived from the original on 2013-04-29. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

[4] Gerald, Olympia Shilpa. "In search of Manapparai Murukku". The Hindu. The Hindu. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

[5] "Diwali Savory Recipes: Marukku". Edible Garden. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

[6] Devasahayam, Theresa. "When We Eat What We Eat: Classifying Crispy Foods in Malaysian Tamil Cuisine". Anthropology of food. OpenEdition. Retrieved 22 August 2012.

[7] "Jamaican Fried Dough - Festival". Retrieved 26 May 2017.

[8] "Top News, Latest headlines, Latest News, World News & U.S News - UPI.com". UPI. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

[jol.ismennt.is-9] Salvör Gissurardóttir (2000). "Laufabrauð - "Leaf Bread"". Archived from the original on 2007-12-15. Retrieved 2007-12-09.

[10] Hanneck, Maike (2004). Island-Kochbuch (in German). túrí. pp. 30–31. ISBN 9979-9641-0-3. OCLC 76585143.

[11] "Fried Bread (Paraoa Parai)". Allrecipes.com.au. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

[12] "Genussregion Oberfranken - Deutsch » Spezialitäten » Genussregion von A-Z". www.genussregion.oberfranken.de. Retrieved 26 May 2017.

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List of fried dough foods

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