This article uncritically uses texts from within a religion or faith system without referring to secondary sources that critically analyze them. Please help improve this article by adding references to reliable secondary sources, with multiple points of view. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)

Swami Ganapati Saraswati
Religion	Hinduism
Sect	Dashanami Sampradaya
Philosophy	Advaita Vedanta, Hatha yoga, Rāja yoga, Tantra
Personal
Nationality	Indian
Born	Shivarama 27 November 1607 Vizianagaram
Died	26 December 1887 (aged 280)[citation needed]
Guru	Bhagirathananda Saraswati
Honors	The Walking Shiva of Varanasi

Part of a series on
Shaivism
Deities Paramashiva (Supreme being) Shiva - Shakti Sadasiva Rudra Nataraja Dakshinamurthy Ardhanarishvara Virabhadra Pashupati Bhairava Parvati Durga Kali Ganesha Murugan Others
Scriptures and texts Vedas Svetasvatara Agamas and Tantras Shivasutras Tirumurai Vachanas
Philosophy Three Components Pati Pashu Pasam Three bondages Anava Karma Maya 36 Tattvas Yoga
Practices Vibhuti Rudraksha Panchakshara Bilva Maha Shivaratri Yamas-Niyamas Guru-Linga-Jangam
Schools Adi Margam Pashupata Kalamukha Kapalika Mantra Margam Saiddhantika Siddhantism Non - Saiddhantika Kashmir Shaivism Pratyabhijna Vama Dakshina Kaula: Trika-Yamala-Kubjika-Netra Others Nath Aghori Veerashaiva (Lingayatism) Siddhar Srouta Nusantara Agama Siwa
Scholars Lakulisha Abhinavagupta Vasugupta Utpaladeva Nayanars Meykandar Nirartha Basava Sharana Srikantha Appayya Navnath
Related Nandi Tantrism Jyotirlinga Shiva Temples
v t e

Part of a series on
Hindu philosophy
Orthodox
Samkhya Yoga Nyaya Vaisheshika Mimamsa Vedanta Advaita Vishishtadvaita Dvaita Vedanta Bhedabheda Dvaitadvaita Achintya Bheda Abheda Shuddhadvaita
Heterodox
Charvaka Ājīvika Buddhism Jainism
Other schools Vaishnava Smarta Shakta Īśvara Shaiva: Pratyabhijña Pashupata Siddhanta Tantra
Teachers (Acharyas) Nyaya Akṣapāda Gotama Jayanta Bhatta Raghunatha Siromani Mīmāṃsā Jaimini Kumārila Bhaṭṭa Prabhākara Advaita Vedanta Gaudapada Adi Shankara Vācaspati Miśra Vidyaranya Sadananda Madhusūdana Sarasvatī Vijnanabhiksu Ramakrishna Vivekananda Ramana Maharshi Siddharudha Chinmayananda Nisargadatta Vishishtadvaita Nammalvar Alvars Yamunacharya Ramanuja Vedanta Desika Pillai Lokacharya Manavala Mamunigal Dvaita Madhvacharya Jayatirtha Vyasatirtha Sripadaraja Vadirajatirtha Vijayendra Tirtha Raghavendra Swami Padmanabha Tirtha Naraharitirtha Achintya Bheda Abheda Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Jiva Goswami Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Prabhupada Tantra Shakta Abhinavagupta Nigamananda Paramahansa Ramprasad Sen Bamakhepa Kamalakanta Bhattacharya Anandamayi Ma Others Samkhya Kapila Yoga Patanjali Vaisheshika Kanada, Prashastapada Dvaitadvaita Nimbarka Shuddhadvaita Vallabha Acharya
Major texts Sruti Smriti Vedas Rigveda Yajurveda Samaveda Atharvaveda Upanishads Principal Upanishads Minor Upanishads Other scriptures Bhagavat Gita Agama (Hinduism) Shastras and Sutras Brahma Sutras Samkhya Sutras Mimamsa Sutras Nyāya Sūtras Vaiśeṣika Sūtra Yoga Sutras Pramana Sutras Puranas Dharma Shastra Artha Śastra Kamasutra Tirumurai Shiva Samhita
Hinduism Other Indian philosophies
v t e

Trailanga Swami (also Tailang Swami, Telang Swami) (reportedly^{[nb 1]} 1607^[2]–1887^[2][3]) was a Hindu yogi and mystic famed for his spiritual powers who lived in Varanasi, India.^[2] He is a legendary figure in Bengal, with stories told of his yogic powers and longevity. According to some accounts, Trailanga Swami lived to be 280 years old,^[2][4] residing at Varanasi between 1737 and 1887.^[3] He is regarded by devotees as an incarnation of Shiva. Sri Ramakrishna referred to him as "The walking Shiva of Varanasi".^[5]

Early life[edit]

He was born in Kumbilapuram (now known as Kumili of Puspatirega Tehisil) at Vizianagaram District in Andhra Pradesh, with the name of Shivarama. His biographers and his disciples differ on his birth date and the period of his longevity. According to one disciple biographer, he was born in 1529, while according to another biographer it was 1607.^[6] His biography has been written by Biruduraju Ramaraju as one volume of his six volume project Āndhra yōgulu.

His parents were Narashingha Rao and Vidyavati Devi, who were devotees of Shiva. After the death of his father in 1647, at the age of 40, he gave up wealth and family responsibilities to his half brother Sridhar. His mother then shared with him the fact that her father at the time of death expressed desire to be born to her and continue his Kali sadhana for the benefit of mankind. She told Sivarama that she believed that he was her father (his own grandfather) reincarnated and that he should take up Kali sadhana. Upon the initiation of a Kali mantra from his mother, Sivarama carried out Kali sadhana in the nearby Kali temple and Punya Kshetras, but was never far away from his mother. In 1669 his mother died. After her death, he saved her ashes (chita bhasma). He would wear her ashes and continue his Kali sadhana day and night (teevra sadhana). During that time, Sivarama lived the life of a recluse in a cottage, built by his half-brother, near a cremation ground. After 20 years of spiritual practice (sadhana), he met his preceptor swami, Bhagirathananda Saraswati, in 1679 from the Punjab. Bhagirathananda initiated Shivaram into monastic vows (sannyasa) and named him Swami Ganapati Saraswati in 1685. Ganapati reportedly led a life of severe austerities and went on a pilgrimage, reaching Prayag in 1733, before finally settling in Varanasi in 1737.^[6]

Varanasi[edit]

Varanasi in 1922, where the Swami spent a considerable part of his life

A member of the Dashanami order, he became known as Trailanga Swami after he settled in Varanasi, living the monastic life.

In Varanasi, till his death in 1887, he lived at different places including Asi Ghat, the Vedavyas Asharama at Hanuman Ghat, Dashashwamedh Ghat. He was often found roaming the streets or the ghats, naked and "carefree as a child".^[7] He was reportedly seen swimming or floating on the river Ganges for hours. He talked very little and at times not at all. A number of people became attracted to him upon hearing of his yogic powers to ameliorate their sufferings.^[7] During his stay in Varanasi, several prominent contemporary Bengalis known as saints met and described him, including Loknath Brahmachari, Benimadhava Brahmachari, Bhagaban Ganguly, Ramakrishna,^[8]Vivekananda,^[9]Mahendranath Gupta,^[10]Lahiri Mahasaya,^[4] and Swami Abhedananda.,^[11]Bhaskarananda, Vishuddhananda, and Vijaykrishna.^[12] and Sadhak Bamakhepa .

After seeing Trailanga, Ramakrishna said, "I saw that the universal Lord Himself was using his body as a vehicle for manifestation. He was in an exalted state of knowledge. There was no body-consciousness in him. Sand there became so hot in the sun that no one could set foot on it. But he lay comfortably on it."^[2][13] Ramakrishna also stated that Trailanga was a real paramahansa^[10] (lit:"Supreme swan", used as an honorific for a spiritual teacher) and that "all Benares was illuminated by his stay there."^[2]

Trailanga had taken the vow of non-seeking (ayachaka)—remaining satisfied with whatever he received.^[7] In the later stage of his life, as his fame spread, crowds of pilgrims visited him. During his last days, he took up living like a python (ajagaravritti) in which he sat still without any movement, and devotees poured water (abhisheka) on him from early morning till noon, looking upon him as a living incarnation of Shiva.^[7]

Death[edit]

He died on Monday evening, December 26, 1887. His body was given salilasamadhi in the Ganges, according to the funeral customs of the monks of the Dashanami sect, in the presence of mourning devotees standing on the ghats.^[7]

Legends and stories[edit]

There are many stories told about Telang and his spiritual powers, such that he has become a near mythical figure in India. Robert Arnett writes that his miracles are "well documented" and "he displayed miraculous powers that cannot be dismissed as myth" and that there were living witnesses to his "amazing feats".^[14] He was reputed to have lived to be around 300 years, and was a larger-than-life figure, reportedly weighing over 300 pounds (140 kg), though he seldom ate.^[14] One account said that he could "read people’s minds like books."^[2]

On many occasions, he was seen to drink deadly poisons with no ill effect. In one instance, a skeptic wanted to expose him as a fraud. The monk was accustomed to breaking his long fasts with buckets of clabbered milk, so the skeptic brought him a bucket of calcium-lime mixture used for whitewashing walls instead. The monk drank the entire bucket with no ill effect—instead, the skeptic fell to the ground writhing in pain. The monk broke his usual silence to explain the law of karma, of cause and effect.^[4][14]

According to another story, he often walked around without any clothes, much like the nanga (or "sky-clad", naked ) sadhus. The Varanasi police were scandalized by his behaviour, and had him locked in a jail cell. He was soon seen on the prison roof, in all his "sky-clad" glory. The police put him back into his locked cell, only to see him appear again on the jail roof. They soon gave up, and let him again walk the streets of Varanasi.^[2][4]

Thousands of people reportedly saw him levitating in a sitting position on the surface of the river Ganges for days at a time. He would also apparently disappear under the waves for long periods, and reappear unharmed.^[4][14]Sivananda attributed some of his miracles to the siddhi or yogic power Bhutajaya — conquest over the five elements, "Fire will not burn such a Yogi. Water will not drown him."^{[15][self-published source?]}

With respect to his reportedly yogic powers, miracles abound in his biographies and exceptionally long life, Medhasananda writes that according to the "science of yoga", attainment of these is not "impossible".^[16]

Trailanga Swami had given an explanation for his nudity in the following words, “Lahiri Mahasaya is like a divine kitten, remaining wherever the Cosmic Mother has placed him. While dutifully playing the part of a worldly man, he has received that perfect Self-realization which I have sought by renouncing everything – even my loincloth!”^[17]

It is also said that he is same as Kulandaiananda swamigal of south India who was based out of the south India village of batlagundu in Tamil Nadu.^[18]

Teachings[edit]

His teachings are still extant and available in a biography by Umacharan Mukhopadhyay, one of his disciples. He described bondage as "attachment to the world" and liberation as "renunciation of the world and absorption in God."^[19] He further said that after attaining the state of desirelessness, "this world is transformed into heaven" and one can be liberated from samsara (the Hindu belief that life is a cycle of birth and death) through "spiritual knowledge". He remarks that attachment to the "evanescent" world is "our chronic disease" and the medicine is "detachment".^[19]

He described man's senses as his enemy and his controlled senses as his friend. His description of a poor person as one who is "very greedy" and regarded one who always remains content as rich.^[19] He said that the greatest place of pilgrimage is "Our own pure mind" and instructs to follow the "Vedantic truth from the Guru." He described a sadhu as one who is free from attachment and delusion.^[19] One who has transcended the egoself.

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

Further reading[edit]

• 
  Arnett, Robert (2006). "Introduction". India Unveiled. Atman Press. ISBN 978-0-9652900-4-3. 
  


• 
  Medhasananda (2003). Varanasi At the Crossroads. Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Culture. p. 1042. ISBN 81-87332-18-2. 
  


• 
  Rao, V.V.B. Rama (2004). The walking Shiva of Varanasi: life, legends & teachings of Trailingaswami. Richa Prakashan. p. 177. ISBN 81-901200-8-5. 
  


• 
  Varishthananda, Swami (November 2007). "Varanasi: The City of Saints, Sages, and Savants" (PDF). Prabuddha Bharata. 112 (11): 632–633. ISBN 9780965290043. 
  


• 
  Chattopadhyay, Apurba (2015). Trailanga Swami Samagra (in Bengali). Patra Bharati. ISBN 978-8183743600. 
  


• 
  Saraswati, Paramanand (3 Jun 2014). Trailanga Swami and Shankari Mataji. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 176. ISBN 978-1-4991-6658-3. 
  


• 
  Tattwananda, Swami (28 Jul 2008). The Saints of India. Nirmalendu Bikash Sen Gupta. p. 288. 
  

External links[edit]

• 
  "A Boatman's story" in Yoga Journal.


• Tattwananda The Saints of India
  


• 
  The Life of Trailanga Swami (Bengali, full movie)