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Remington 870
Remington Model 870 12 Gauge pump action shotgun
Type	Shotgun
Place of origin	United States
Service history
In service	1950–present
Used by	See Users
Wars	Lebanese Civil War Vietnam War Iraq War
Production history
Designer	L.Ray Crittendon, Phillip Haskell, Ellis Hailston, G.E. Pinckney
Designed	1950
Manufacturer	Remington Arms
Produced	1950–present[1]
No. built	11,000,000+[2]
Variants	Wingmaster, Express, Marine, SPS, SPS-T, XCS, Tac-14, Super Mag, MCS, DM, Tac-14 DM
Specifications
Mass	7.0 lb (3.2 kg) to 8.0 lb (3.6 kg)
Length	37.25 in (946 mm) to 50.5 in (1,280 mm)
Barrel length	14 in (360 mm) to 30 in (760 mm)
Cartridge	12 gauge, 16 gauge, 20 gauge, 28 gauge, or .410 bore
Action	Pump-action
Feed system	4+1, 5+1, 6+1, or 7+1 round internal tube magazine, or an external 6+1 box magazine
Sights	Bead, twin bead, adjustable open sights, or ghost ring (all iron sights). Also cantilever and receiver-mounts for scopes[3]

The Remington Model 870 is a pump-action shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms Company, LLC. It is widely used by the public for sport shooting, hunting, and self-defense and used by law enforcement and military organizations worldwide.

Development

The Remington 870 was the fourth major design in a series of Remington pump shotguns. John Pedersen designed the fragile Remington Model 10 (and later the improved Remington Model 29). John Browning designed the Remington Model 17 (which was later adapted by Ithaca into the Ithaca 37), which served as the basis for the Remington 31. The Model 31 was well liked,^[4] but struggled for sales in the shadow of the Winchester Model 12. Remington sought to correct that in 1950 by introducing a modern, streamlined, rugged, reliable, and relatively inexpensive shotgun – the 870.

Sales of the 870 have been steady. They reached two million guns by 1973 (ten times the number of Model 31 shotguns it replaced). As of 1983, the 870 held the record for best-selling shotgun in history with three million sold.^[5] By 1996, spurred by sales of the basic "Express" models, which were added as a lower-cost alternative to the original Wingmaster line, sales topped seven million guns. On April 13, 2009, the ten millionth Model 870 was produced.

Design details

The 870 features a bottom-loading, side ejecting receiver and a tubular magazine under the barrel. The gun comes with a plug for hunting which reduces the magazine's capacity to two^[6] rounds. It has dual action bars, internal hammer, and a bolt which locks into an extension in the barrel. The action, receiver, fire control group, safety catch and slide release catch of the Remington Model 870 shotgun are similar to those used on the Remington Model 7600 series pump-action centerfire rifles and carbines. The basic fire control group design was first used in the automatic 11–48.^[7][8] Twelve gauge stocks will also interchange on the older 12-gauge-sized 20-gauge receivers, although modification is needed to fit the smaller sized 20-gauge receivers employed since the late 1970s. Several parts of the 870 will interchange with the semi-automatic Remington 1100 and 11–87.

The original 870 models were offered with fixed chokes. In 1986 Remington introduced the new Remington "Rem Choke" system of screw-in chokes (also fitted to Remington model 1100 auto-loading shotguns at the same time). Initially, the Rem Chokes were offered only in 12 gauge in barrel lengths of 21", 26", and 28". The following year the availability was expanded to the 20 gauge and included other barrel lengths.^[8][9]

Production 870s for over 30 years had a design whereby a user could fail to press a shell all the way into the magazine when loading such that the shell latch did not engage the shell, and such actions could tie up the gun.^[8][10] This was caused by the shell which slipped out of the magazine under the bolt in the receiver to bind the action, requiring rough treatment of the action or even disassembly to clear by the uninitiated. The potential issue was resolved with the introduction of the "Flexi Tab" carrier. Guns with this modification can be identified by the "U"-shaped cut-out on the carrier, visible from below the gun. The cut-out, combined with a modified machining on the underside of the slide assembly, allows the action to be opened with a shell on the carrier.

Variants

There are hundreds of variations of the Remington 870 in 12, 16, 20, 28 gauges and .410 bore. In 1969 Remington introduced 28 gauge and .410 bore models on a new scaled down receiver size, and in 1972 a 20 gauge Lightweight version was introduced on the same sized receiver, and all of the smaller gauges today are produced on that size receiver. From the original fifteen models offered, Remington currently produces dozens of models for civilian, law enforcement, and military sales. 870 variants can be grouped into:

• 
  Express – Matte blue/black bead-blasted with hardwood, laminated hardwood or synthetic stocks and chambered for 2 3/4" and 3" 12 or 20 gauge shotshells. All Expresses have been chambered in 3" in 12 and 20 gauge, but markings have varied.


• 
  Marine – Nickel-plated with synthetic stocks.


• 
  Mark 1 – adopted by the United States Marine Corps in the late 1960s and saw service into the 21st century. The Model 870 Mark 1 has a 21-inch (53 cm) barrel with an extended magazine increasing total capacity to 8 rounds, and was fitted with an adapter allowing use of the standard M7 bayonet for the M16 rifle.^[8][11]


• 
  MCS (Modular Combat Shotgun) – A new modular version of the M870 which can be quickly modified with different barrels, magazine tubes, and stocks for different purposes, such as urban combat and door breaching.


• 
  Police – Chambered in 12 gauge only with a 3" magnum chamber. Blued or Parkerized steel finish. These models feature a stronger sear spring, carrier latch spring, and a forged steel extractor (as opposed to the MIM extractor found on Express models). Receivers are stamped "Remington 870 Police Magnum" as of 2014.

  They are equipped with Police-specific walnut or synthetic stocks which are fitted with sling mounts. Walnut stocks lack checkering as found on the Express/Wingmaster models. 870P models come with matching walnut or synthetic forends that are shortened to prevent interference with most vehicle-mounted rack systems. The shortened forend also allows quick visual inspection of the magazine regardless of what position the forend is in, whereas the lengthened sport-type forend on other models partially blocks the loading port when pulled to the rear.

  
  

  Police models are available with 18" or 20" barrels, with or without rifle sights, and have a standard capacity of four rounds. They can be ordered with a two or three round extended magazine tube from the factory, bringing total capacity to 6+1 (18" barrel) or 7+1 (20" barrel). All police barrels come with an Improved Cylinder choke unless special ordered.

  
  


• 
  Super Mag – Chambered for 3½" 12 gauge shotshells.


• 
  Wingmaster – Blued steel with high gloss or satin walnut stocks. They have been offered in Skeet, Trap, and field configurations. Originally the basic Wingmaster was chambered for 2 3/4" rounds and came with a fixed choke, and the 3" chambered versions were designated Magnum models. Models built after 1986 offer the RemChoke Interchangeable choke tube system, and the 12 and 20 gauge versions are chambered in 3" for either 2 3/4" or 3" shells. Prior to the introduction of the "Police" model 870, altered Wingmasters were popular among law enforcement.


• 
  Tac-14 – Black oxide receiver finish, with a synthetic stock. The Tac-14 is meant to be extremely short, but retains the reliability and stopping power of previous models. It is chambered in 12 gauge, with a 14" barrel and a capacity of 4+1.


• 
  Tac-14 DM - Similar to the regular Tac-14, varying only in the fact that it uses an external box magazine rather than the internal tube magazine in other models. This allows for the size of the Tac-14, but a capacity of 6+1.


• 
  870 DM - Matte Blue receiver finish with a synthetic stock. Differs from other 870 models with an external box magazine, similarly to the Tac-14 DM, allowing a capacity of 6+1.


• 
  200th Anniversary Edition – To celebrate the 200th Anniversary of Remington, two models were designed. One was a Wingmaster with some styling in the wood and a golden emblem on the bottom of the stock. The second was a limited edition Wingmaster that stopped production after 2016, with the same styling, but extended across the entirety of the stock and pump, and also extends to the receiver and barrel, with a golden ring on the end of the barrel. The emblem on the bottom is also a richer gold, possibly real gold, and there is a golden ribbon under the shell ejection reading "1816 Bicentennial 2016" along with a golden trigger, and a golden symbol of a hunter with a firearm in hand walking.

Chinese versions

Arms manufacturer Norinco, of the People's Republic of China, has made unlicensed copies of the Remington 870 as the design is no longer under patent protection. The most common of these designs are the Norinco HP9-1 and M-98, the difference being that the HP9-1 has either a 12.5" or 14" barrel, whereas the M-98 has an 18.5" barrel.^[12] In the United States, where most Norinco products are specifically non-importable,^[13] this shotgun was imported and sold under the names Norinco Hawk 982 and Interstate Hawk 982.^[14]

Users

A U.S. Coast Guard petty officer from Maritime Safety and Security Team 91106 armed with an Mķ870P fitted with a Trijicon reflex sight and a Speedfeed stock.

The Remington 870 12-gauge shotgun loaded with pyrotechnical shells (blanks) is seen here used as a last resort to scare off unwanted birds in flight from the vicinity of Incirlik Air Base.

A U.S. Air Force Security Forces Marine Patrol airman from MacDill AFB with an M870.

Country	Organization name	Quantity	Date	Reference
Afghanistan		_	_	[15]
Argentina	Argentine Army[citation needed]	_	_	[15]
Australia	Australian Defence Force	_	_	[8][16][17]
Austria	EKO Cobra	_	_	[8][18]
Bangladesh	Bangladesh Army	_	_	[8][19]
	Dhaka Metropolitan Police SWAT	_	_	[8][20]
Belgium	Federal Police Special Units	_	_	[18]
	Belgian Armed Forces	_	2008	[21]
Canada	Canadian Armed Forces	_	_	[8][22]
	Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)	_	_	[8][23]
	Canadian Coast Guard (CCG)	_	_	[24]
	Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR)
	Correctional Service Canada (CSC)
	Garda World - Cash Services
	Toronto Police Service (TPS)
	Ontario Provincial Police (OPP)	_	_	[8][23]
	London Police Service (LPS)	_	_	[25]
	Royal Newfoundland Constabulary (RNC)	_	_	[8]
Chile		_	_	[15]
Ecuador		_	_	[15]
Finland	Finnish Army	_	_	[8][26]
Germany	Bundeswehr, GSG 9, and Spezialeinsatzkommandos	_	_	[8][27]
Greece	EKAM counter-terrorist unit of the Hellenic Police	_	_	[8][28]
Hong Kong	Hong Kong Police Force, Hong Kong Customs, Hong Kong Correctional Services, Bird Control Unit of Airport Authority Hong Kong, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department and cash security firms	_	_	[8]
Iraq		_	_	[15]
Iran	Law Enforcement Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran	_	_	[8]
Ireland	Army Ranger Wing, Special Detective Unit, Emergency Response Unit	_	2000	[8][29]
Israel	Israel Defense Forces and YAMAM	_	_	[30]
South Korea	Republic of Korea Naval Special Warfare Brigade	_	_	[8][31]
Luxembourg	Unité Spéciale de la Police group of the Grand Ducal Police	_	_	[8][32][33][34]
Malaysia	Royal Malaysia Police	_	_	[8]
	Malaysian Prison Department	_	_
	Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency	_	_
	Department of Immigration (Malaysia)	_	_
	RELA Corps	_	_
	Various special operations such as: Grup Gerak Khas JMF Elite Forces Pasukan Khas Laut (PASKAL) Pasukan Khas Udara (PASKAU) Pasukan Gerakan Khas Unit Gempur Marin Grup Taktikal Khas	_	_	[8][35][36]
Mexico		_	_	[15]
Norway		_	_	[15]
Philippines	Philippine National Police, Special Action Force, Philippine Army		_	_
Poland	Policja	_	_
	Polish Special Forces	_	_
Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone Police	51+	After 2001	[37]
Singapore	Singapore Police Force (including STAR and Police Coast Guard)	_	_
Spain	Special Group of Intervention (GEI) of the Mossos d'Esquadra	_	_	_
Sweden	Swedish Armed Forces (designated "Understödsvapen 870")	_	_	[8][38]
Switzerland	Swiss Armed Forces (designated Mehrzweckgewehr 91; MzGw 91)	_	_	[39]
Taiwan	Taiwan Coast Guard, Taiwan Reserve Army (T85 Shotgun)	_	_	[40]
Thailand	Royal Thai Police, Royal Thai Army, Royal Thai Air Force	_	_
United Kingdom	United Kingdom Special Forces (designated L74A1), Police Service of Northern Ireland and Specialist Firearms Officers as a breaching weapon	_	_	[8][41]
United States	U.S. Border Patrol	_	_	[8][42]
	U.S. Department of Education	27	2010	[8][43]
	U.S. Military (designated M870)	_	_	[8][44]
	U.S. Secret Service	1,600	2001	[8][45]
	Internal Revenue Service	60	2010	[8][46]
	Federal Bureau of Investigation (including SWAT and HRT)			[8]
	United States Marshals Service			[8]
	Various police forces such as: California Highway Patrol (since 1965)[47] Los Angeles Police Department [48] Sparta, New Jersey[49] Alaska Department of Corrections[50] Idaho Department of Corrections Pennsylvania State Police[51] Las Vegas Police Department Texas Department of Criminal Justice Wisconsin Department of Corrections Virginia State Police Indiana State Police New York Counter-Terrorism Bureau	_	_

See also

• Combat shotgun


• KAC Masterkey


• List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Remington 870.

• Remington page for 870


• A guide to Collecting Remington 870 Shotguns from Remington Society


• Remington page for 870 Tactical


• Remington Military MCS page


• Important differences between Remington 870 Police and 870 Express shotguns


• KAC Masterkey page


• Model 870P MAX Police


• Blog and forum about Remington 870