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Question

I'm developing an application which displays images, and plays sounds from a database. I'm trying to decide whether or not to use a separate JFrame to add images to the database from the GUI.

I'm just wondering whether it is good practice to use multiple JFrame windows?

I would also argue that this is language-agnostic and has to do with the user-interface more than Java specifically. — Jun 9 '13 at 17:03
I would agree with that @WChargin This question has become more valuable than I ever thought it could! — Jun 10 '13 at 15:22
I notice that beginners (such as myself) usually make use of multiple JFrames. Probably because its easier to call it from inside the main JFrame than making use of say a CardLayout. Although in some instances its not advisable to use it. — Nov 19 '13 at 17:45
Debugging would be like eating cactus.. this is not advisable. — Apr 1 '18 at 10:29

score 422 · Accepted Answer · 2017-05-23 11:55:07Z

I'm just wondering whether it is good practice to use multiple JFrames?

Bad (bad, bad) practice.

User unfriendly: The user sees multiple icons in their task bar when expecting to see only one. Plus the side effects of the coding problems..

A nightmare to code and maintain:
- A modal dialog offers the easy opportunity to focus attention on the content of that dialog - choose/fix/cancel this, then proceed. Multiple frames do not.
- A dialog (or floating tool-bar) with a parent will come to front when the parent is clicked on - you'd have to implement that in frames if that was the desired behavior.

There are any number of ways of displaying many elements in one GUI, e.g.:

CardLayout (short demo.). Good for:
1. Showing wizard like dialogs.
2. Displaying list, tree etc. selections for items that have an associated component.
3. Flipping between no component and visible component.

JInternalFrame/JDesktopPane typically used for an MDI.

JTabbedPane for groups of components.

JSplitPane A way to display two components of which the importance between one or the other (the size) varies according to what the user is doing.

JLayeredPane far many well ..layered components.

JToolBar typically contains groups of actions or controls. Can be dragged around the GUI, or off it entirely according to user need. As mentioned above, will minimize/restore according to the parent doing so.

As items in a JList (simple example below).

As nodes in a JTree.

Nested layouts.

But if those strategies do not work for a particular use-case, try the following. Establish a single main JFrame, then have JDialog or JOptionPane instances appear for the rest of the free-floating elements, using the frame as the parent for the dialogs.

Many images

In this case where the multiple elements are images, it would be better to use either of the following instead:

A single JLabel (centered in a scroll pane) to display whichever image the user is interested in at that moment. As seen in ImageViewer.

A single row JList. As seen in this answer. The 'single row' part of that only works if they are all the same dimensions. Alternately, if you are prepared to scale the images on the fly, and they are all the same aspect ratio (e.g. 4:3 or 16:9).

@AndrewThompson I had never come across a situation where I needed multiple JFrames before and never considered those issues, thanks for explaining! — Apr 20 '12 at 1:29
@user417896 "Just depends." No it doesn't. I've used Gimp. It's horrible and should be an MDI. — Apr 16 '13 at 16:15
@ryvantage "Should (Excel) be MDI?" Good question. I feel it should be offered to the user both ways (certainly not only in MDI form). For example: 1) I currently use TextPad, and by configuration at my choice, it opens separate instances, that each offer multiple documents shown in a list. 2) Although I'll typically use FF in tabbed mode, occasionally I drag a tab off to a new window. -- The common factor in the examples is user choice. Deliver the app. 'however the user wants it'. — Aug 1 '13 at 9:49
@AndrewThompson You've just countered your own argument with your last comment. In your main answer you say this is bad practice and should never be done, but in your comment above you say you sometimes like SDI and we should offer our users the choice. Surely, this is exactly what user417896 was saying above. It depends. This is one of my biggest pet hates about my fellow developers. The fact that many of them become religiously fanatical about so-called 'best-practices'. We wouldn't have the innovative UIs we have today if we all stuck to 'best-practices' and didn't think outside the square. — Aug 15 '13 at 21:47
Huge generalisation! It's not ALWAYS bad to let the user control their windows individually, and access them individually from the task bar. Good practice is to be aware of all the options, and pick one intelligently. There are certainly cases where multiple JFrames makes a good deal of sense. — Dec 25 '13 at 21:18

score 191 · Accepted Answer · 2016-03-17 11:15:21Z

The multiple JFrame approach has been something I've implemented since I began programming Swing apps. For the most part, I did it in the beginning because I didn't know any better. However, as I matured in my experience and knowledge as a developer and as began to read and absorb the opinions of so many more experienced Java devs online, I made an attempt to shift away from the multiple JFrame approach (both in current projects and future projects) only to be met with... get this... resistance from my clients! As I began implementing modal dialogs to control "child" windows and JInternalFrames for separate components, my clients began to complain! I was quite surprised, as I was doing what I thought was best-practice! But, as they say, "A happy wife is a happy life." Same goes for your clients. Of course, I am a contractor so my end-users have direct access to me, the developer, which is obviously not a common scenario.

So, I'm going to explain the benefits of the multiple JFrame approach, as well as myth-bust some of the cons that others have presented.

Ultimate flexibility in layout - By allowing separate JFrames, you give your end-user the ability to spread out and control what's on his/her screen. The concept feels "open" and non-constricting. You lose this when you go towards one big JFrame and a bunch of JInternalFrames.

Works well for very modularized applications - In my case, most of my applications have 3 - 5 big "modules" that really have nothing to do with each other whatsoever. For instance, one module might be a sales dashboard and one might be an accounting dashboard. They don't talk to each other or anything. However, the executive might want to open both and them being separate frames on the taskbar makes his life easier.

Makes it easy for end-users to reference outside material - Once, I had this situation: My app had a "data viewer," from which you could click "Add New" and it would open a data entry screen. Initially, both were JFrames. However, I wanted the data entry screen to be a JDialog whose parent was the data viewer. I made the change, and immediately I received a call from an end-user who relied heavily on the fact that he could minimize or close the viewer and keep the editor open while he referenced another part of the program (or a website, I don't remember). He's not on a multi-monitor, so he needed the entry dialog to be first and something else to be second, with the data viewer completely hidden. This was impossible with a JDialog and certainly would've been impossible with a JInternalFrame as well. I begrudgingly changed it back to being separate JFrames for his sanity, but it taught me an important lesson.

Myth: Hard to code - This is not true in my experience. I don't see why it would be any easier to create a JInternalFrame than a JFrame. In fact, in my experience, JInternalFrames offer much less flexibility. I have developed a systematic way of handling the opening & closing of JFrames in my apps that really works well. I control the frame almost completely from within the frame's code itself; the creation of the new frame, SwingWorkers that control the retrieval of data on background threads and the GUI code on EDT, restoring/bringing to front the frame if the user tries to open it twice, etc. All you need to open my JFrames is call a public static method open() and the open method, combined with a windowClosing() event handles the rest (is the frame already open? is it not open, but loading? etc.) I made this approach a template so it's not difficult to implement for each frame.

Myth/Unproven: Resource Heavy - I'd like to see some facts behind this speculative statement. Although, perhaps, you could say a JFrame needs more space than a JInternalFrame, even if you open up 100 JFrames, how many more resources would you really be consuming? If your concern is memory leaks because of resources: calling dispose() frees all resources used by the frame for garbage collection (and, again I say, a JInternalFrame should invoke exactly the same concern).

I've written a lot and I feel like I could write more. Anyways, I hope I don't get down-voted simply because it's an unpopular opinion. The question is clearly a valuable one and I hope I've provided a valuable answer, even if it isn't the common opinion.

A great example of multiple frames/single document per frame (SDI) vs single frame/multiple documents per frame (MDI) is Microsoft Excel. Some of MDI benefits:

it is possible to have a few windows in non rectangular shape - so they don't hide desktop or other window from another process (e.g. web browser)

it is possible to open a window from another process over one Excel window while writing in second Excel window - with MDI, trying to write in one of internal windows will give focus to the entire Excel window, hence hiding window from another process

it is possible to have different documents on different screens, which is especially useful when screens do not have the same resolution

SDI (Single-Document Interface, i.e., every window can only have a single document):

enter image description here

MDI (Multiple-Document Interface, i.e., every window can have multiple documents):

enter image description here

Well thought out. If you have multiple modules that have nothing to do with each other, why not create separate applications? Also, there's no restriction saying you have to use modal dialogs, you could use modeless dialogs to serve as a second "frame". — Jul 31 '13 at 3:43
Very good answer and detailed answer though I have to agree with @kleopatra on this one.. I once had an application with over a hundred screens where users wanted to compare output data off multiple screens/same screen with different inputs. We built a custom windowing system to allow us to do that. Users were just more comfortable with having 2 JFrames to keep next to one another ;) — Oct 9 '13 at 5:41
While I understand your argument, I would still prefer to have everything in one JFrame and a big parent JTabbedPane; but with the possibility to open a second window (or even more) where the layout can be different, offering hence a hybrid behaviour where SDI lovers are happy and MDI ones as well. In all cases, I always considered JInternalFrame as a horrible pattern which gives you all the inconvenients of both worlds. The flexibility they offer just sucks and they eat away a lot of precious screen space for no real purposes. — Sep 30 '14 at 21:03
I agree SDI is sometimes appropriate (and users often prefer it). There is one more drawback, and I did not find any workaround for that so far, unfortunatelly: each JFrame gets its own taskbar icon. Sometimes this is exactly what you want, but sometimes it is not. In WinAPI this is easy to configure, but in Swing it seems it cannot be done. — Mar 27 '18 at 9:08
@suma in that case I think I would opt for a JDialog over a JFrame. — Mar 27 '18 at 19:58

score 48 · Accepted Answer · 2013-08-30 05:14:44Z

I'd like to counter the "not user friendly" argument with an example that I have just been involved with.

In our application we have a main window where the users run various 'programs' as separate tabs. As much as possible we have tried to keep our application to this single window.

One of the 'programs' they run presents a list of reports that have been generated by the system, and the user can click on an icon on each line to pop open a report viewer dialog. This viewer is showing the equivalent of the portrait/landscape A4 page(s) of the report, so the users like this window to be quite big, almost filling their screens.

A few months ago we started getting requests from our customers to make these report viewer windows modeless, so that they could have multiple reports open at the same time.

For some time I resisted this request as I did not think this was a good solution. However, my mind was changed when I found out how the users were getting around this 'deficiency' of our system.

They were opening a viewer, using the 'Save As' facility to save the report as a PDF to a specific directory, using Acrobat Reader to open the PDF file, and then they would do the same with the next report. They would have multiple Acrobat Readers running with the various report outputs that they wanted to look at.

So I relented and made the viewer modeless. This means that each viewer has a task-bar icon.

When the latest version was released to them last week, the overwhelming response from them is that they LOVE it. It's been one of our most popular recent enhancements to the system.

So you go ahead and tell your users that what they want is bad, but ultimately it won't do you any favours.

SOME NOTES:

It seems to be best practice to use JDialog's for these modeless windows

Use the constructors that use the new ModalityType rather than the boolean modal argument. This is what gives these dialogs the task-bar icon.

For modeless dialogs, pass a null parent to the constructor, but locate them relative to their 'parent' window.

Version 6 of Java on Windows has a bug which means that your main window can become 'always on top' without you telling it. Upgrade to version 7 to fix this

This is exactly my experience as well. If there's one thing I'm certain of, it's that you are doing something wrong when people try and circumvent your user-friendlyness to do whatever it is they really want to do. Functionality is king. — Sep 27 '13 at 2:30
One way to get around this, is to allow to have multiple JFrame's opened, all offering the same functionality, but by default everything is done within a single window. This actually allows the user to choose between SDI or MDI. — Oct 1 '14 at 19:17
Sorry? Can you explain your solution a bit better, please? How can it be a single window AND multiple windows? We have one main window where the main application runs, but sometimes we need to open dialogs, and sometimes those dialogs (based on user requirements) need to be modeless. Making rules that the interface should be this way or that is just going to dig a big hole for yourself. — Oct 2 '14 at 1:24
@GuillaumePolet I agree with Duncan, can you explain what you mean a bit more? I share his confusion — Dec 17 '15 at 2:43
I think what he means is that the user could start multiple copies of the application (the 'JFrame') but inside each of those it is SDI. However, our client application is a very thick client, so this would be a resource hungry approach. — Dec 17 '15 at 2:48

Hauleth 16.7k34983 · Accepted Answer · 2012-10-17 05:33:04Z

Make an jInternalFrame into main frame and make it invisible. Then you can use it for further events.

jInternalFrame.setSize(300,150);
jInternalFrame.setVisible(true);

NecronetNecronet 5,06354082 · Accepted Answer · 2013-03-05 00:55:13Z

17

It's been a while since the last time i touch swing but in general is a bad practice to do this. Some of the main disadvantages that comes to mind:

It's more expensive: you will have to allocate way more resources to draw a JFrame that other kind of window container, such as Dialog or JInternalFrame.

Not user friendly: It is not easy to navigate into a bunch of JFrame stuck together, it will look like your application is a set of applications inconsistent and poorly design.

It's easy to use JInternalFrame This is kind of retorical, now it's way easier and other people smarter ( or with more spare time) than us have already think through the Desktop and JInternalFrame pattern, so I would recommend to use it.

answered Mar 5 '13 at 0:55

Necronet

5,06354082

7

Don't you have same effect for user when using multiple JInternalFrame's too? Personally, I dissagree with use of JInternalFrame's! CardLayout is a real bless!

– Branislav Lazic
Jun 15 '13 at 15:14

4

I agree with @brano88. JInternalFrame offers no advantages in any of the three cases you mentioned (1. where's the evidence that JInternalFrame is lighter than JFrame? 2. Your JInternalFrames could be just as cluttered/messy/stuck together as a bunch of JFrames. 3. How is JInternalFrame easier? It's the same exact code, except one is contained within a JDesktopPane and one is contained within the natural screen area. They sound equally complex to me.)

– ryvantage
Jul 31 '13 at 3:36

1

1. JFrame is a hevyweight component compare to JInternalFrame which is a lightweight. 2. Have you ever seen an app which contains tons of windows at the same time to be functional? IDE, Browsers, even in finance application it is a goal to keep it in the same scope. 3. I have found JIF to be very easy to use in the past and have no complaint of course pick the component that best suits an scenario

– Necronet
Jul 31 '13 at 6:03

4

1. I'd like to see proof of this. Both are objects, both are JComponents, both have almost identical structures, except one is rendered on a JDesktop and one is not. Again, sorry, but I believe you are speculating regarding the "weight" of JFrame. 2. My applications use SDI and my clients are very happy. However, you said "a ton of windows," which, of course that would suck. But, my point is this: "a ton of" JInternalFrames would suck just as bad! If you're saying JIFs allow you to be a sloppy UI designer, then that's terrible. A cluttered mess is a cluttered mess, whether JF or JIF.

– ryvantage
Jul 31 '13 at 12:12

2

"of course pick the component that best suits an scenario"

– Necronet
Jul 31 '13 at 17:37

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show 1 more comment

Sai Kishore 3111512 · Accepted Answer · 2018-02-08 10:32:55Z

Bad practice definitely. One reason is that it is not very 'user-friendly' for the fact that every JFrame shows a new taskbar icon. Controlling multiple JFrames will have you ripping your hair out.

Personally, I would use ONE JFrame for your kind of application. Methods of displaying multiple things is up to you, there are many. Canvases, JInternalFrame, CardLayout, even JPanels possibly.

Multiple JFrame objects = Pain, trouble, and problems.

hmm ... nothing new compared to the accepted answer, afaics? — Jan 10 '13 at 11:09
"Every JFrame shows a new task bar icon" - this only applies on Windows! On Mac OS X every application has just one dock icon, regardless of how many windows it has open, and it is common for applications to have multiple top level windows. — May 27 '14 at 8:49

Sai Kishore 3111512 · Accepted Answer · 2018-01-18 07:49:22Z

I think using multiple Jframes is not a good idea.

Instead we can use JPanels more than one or more JPanel in the same JFrame.

Also we can switch between this JPanels. So it gives us freedom to display more than on thing in the JFrame.

For each JPanel we can design different things and all this JPanel can be displayed on the single JFrameone at a time.

To switch between this JPanels use JMenuBar with JMenuItems for each JPanelor 'JButtonfor eachJPanel`.

More than one JFrame is not a good practice, but there is nothing wrong if we want more than one JFrame.

But its better to change one JFrame for our different needs rather than having multiple JFrames.

Keith SpriggsKeith Spriggs 145129 · Accepted Answer · 2013-09-03 22:25:46Z

If the frames are going to be the same size, why not create the frame and pass the frame then as a reference to it instead.

When you have passed the frame you can then decide how to populate it. It would be like having a method for calculating the average of a set of figures. Would you create the method over and over again?

That's basically doing what the Cardlayout and JTabbedPane can do, but doing it in reverse and making your code overly complex while you have clean and easy solution to achieve the same thing. — Oct 1 '14 at 19:04

arunjosepharunjoseph 651 · Accepted Answer · 2013-12-14 13:20:30Z

It is not a good practice but even though you wish to use it you can use the singleton pattern as its good. I have used the singleton patterns in most of my project its good.

Singleton pattern is a nightmare. Any project which wants to scale should try to avoid the singleton pattern at all costs. — Oct 1 '14 at 19:06

score 422 · Accepted Answer · 2017-05-23 11:55:07Z

I'm just wondering whether it is good practice to use multiple JFrames?

Bad (bad, bad) practice.

User unfriendly: The user sees multiple icons in their task bar when expecting to see only one. Plus the side effects of the coding problems..

A nightmare to code and maintain:
- A modal dialog offers the easy opportunity to focus attention on the content of that dialog - choose/fix/cancel this, then proceed. Multiple frames do not.
- A dialog (or floating tool-bar) with a parent will come to front when the parent is clicked on - you'd have to implement that in frames if that was the desired behavior.

There are any number of ways of displaying many elements in one GUI, e.g.:

CardLayout (short demo.). Good for:
1. Showing wizard like dialogs.
2. Displaying list, tree etc. selections for items that have an associated component.
3. Flipping between no component and visible component.

JInternalFrame/JDesktopPane typically used for an MDI.

JTabbedPane for groups of components.

JSplitPane A way to display two components of which the importance between one or the other (the size) varies according to what the user is doing.

JLayeredPane far many well ..layered components.

JToolBar typically contains groups of actions or controls. Can be dragged around the GUI, or off it entirely according to user need. As mentioned above, will minimize/restore according to the parent doing so.

As items in a JList (simple example below).

As nodes in a JTree.

Nested layouts.

But if those strategies do not work for a particular use-case, try the following. Establish a single main JFrame, then have JDialog or JOptionPane instances appear for the rest of the free-floating elements, using the frame as the parent for the dialogs.

Many images

In this case where the multiple elements are images, it would be better to use either of the following instead:

A single JLabel (centered in a scroll pane) to display whichever image the user is interested in at that moment. As seen in ImageViewer.

A single row JList. As seen in this answer. The 'single row' part of that only works if they are all the same dimensions. Alternately, if you are prepared to scale the images on the fly, and they are all the same aspect ratio (e.g. 4:3 or 16:9).

@AndrewThompson I had never come across a situation where I needed multiple JFrames before and never considered those issues, thanks for explaining! — Apr 20 '12 at 1:29
@user417896 "Just depends." No it doesn't. I've used Gimp. It's horrible and should be an MDI. — Apr 16 '13 at 16:15
@ryvantage "Should (Excel) be MDI?" Good question. I feel it should be offered to the user both ways (certainly not only in MDI form). For example: 1) I currently use TextPad, and by configuration at my choice, it opens separate instances, that each offer multiple documents shown in a list. 2) Although I'll typically use FF in tabbed mode, occasionally I drag a tab off to a new window. -- The common factor in the examples is user choice. Deliver the app. 'however the user wants it'. — Aug 1 '13 at 9:49
@AndrewThompson You've just countered your own argument with your last comment. In your main answer you say this is bad practice and should never be done, but in your comment above you say you sometimes like SDI and we should offer our users the choice. Surely, this is exactly what user417896 was saying above. It depends. This is one of my biggest pet hates about my fellow developers. The fact that many of them become religiously fanatical about so-called 'best-practices'. We wouldn't have the innovative UIs we have today if we all stuck to 'best-practices' and didn't think outside the square. — Aug 15 '13 at 21:47
Huge generalisation! It's not ALWAYS bad to let the user control their windows individually, and access them individually from the task bar. Good practice is to be aware of all the options, and pick one intelligently. There are certainly cases where multiple JFrames makes a good deal of sense. — Dec 25 '13 at 21:18

score 191 · Accepted Answer · 2016-03-17 11:15:21Z

The multiple JFrame approach has been something I've implemented since I began programming Swing apps. For the most part, I did it in the beginning because I didn't know any better. However, as I matured in my experience and knowledge as a developer and as began to read and absorb the opinions of so many more experienced Java devs online, I made an attempt to shift away from the multiple JFrame approach (both in current projects and future projects) only to be met with... get this... resistance from my clients! As I began implementing modal dialogs to control "child" windows and JInternalFrames for separate components, my clients began to complain! I was quite surprised, as I was doing what I thought was best-practice! But, as they say, "A happy wife is a happy life." Same goes for your clients. Of course, I am a contractor so my end-users have direct access to me, the developer, which is obviously not a common scenario.

So, I'm going to explain the benefits of the multiple JFrame approach, as well as myth-bust some of the cons that others have presented.

Ultimate flexibility in layout - By allowing separate JFrames, you give your end-user the ability to spread out and control what's on his/her screen. The concept feels "open" and non-constricting. You lose this when you go towards one big JFrame and a bunch of JInternalFrames.

Works well for very modularized applications - In my case, most of my applications have 3 - 5 big "modules" that really have nothing to do with each other whatsoever. For instance, one module might be a sales dashboard and one might be an accounting dashboard. They don't talk to each other or anything. However, the executive might want to open both and them being separate frames on the taskbar makes his life easier.

Makes it easy for end-users to reference outside material - Once, I had this situation: My app had a "data viewer," from which you could click "Add New" and it would open a data entry screen. Initially, both were JFrames. However, I wanted the data entry screen to be a JDialog whose parent was the data viewer. I made the change, and immediately I received a call from an end-user who relied heavily on the fact that he could minimize or close the viewer and keep the editor open while he referenced another part of the program (or a website, I don't remember). He's not on a multi-monitor, so he needed the entry dialog to be first and something else to be second, with the data viewer completely hidden. This was impossible with a JDialog and certainly would've been impossible with a JInternalFrame as well. I begrudgingly changed it back to being separate JFrames for his sanity, but it taught me an important lesson.

Myth: Hard to code - This is not true in my experience. I don't see why it would be any easier to create a JInternalFrame than a JFrame. In fact, in my experience, JInternalFrames offer much less flexibility. I have developed a systematic way of handling the opening & closing of JFrames in my apps that really works well. I control the frame almost completely from within the frame's code itself; the creation of the new frame, SwingWorkers that control the retrieval of data on background threads and the GUI code on EDT, restoring/bringing to front the frame if the user tries to open it twice, etc. All you need to open my JFrames is call a public static method open() and the open method, combined with a windowClosing() event handles the rest (is the frame already open? is it not open, but loading? etc.) I made this approach a template so it's not difficult to implement for each frame.

Myth/Unproven: Resource Heavy - I'd like to see some facts behind this speculative statement. Although, perhaps, you could say a JFrame needs more space than a JInternalFrame, even if you open up 100 JFrames, how many more resources would you really be consuming? If your concern is memory leaks because of resources: calling dispose() frees all resources used by the frame for garbage collection (and, again I say, a JInternalFrame should invoke exactly the same concern).

I've written a lot and I feel like I could write more. Anyways, I hope I don't get down-voted simply because it's an unpopular opinion. The question is clearly a valuable one and I hope I've provided a valuable answer, even if it isn't the common opinion.

A great example of multiple frames/single document per frame (SDI) vs single frame/multiple documents per frame (MDI) is Microsoft Excel. Some of MDI benefits:

it is possible to have a few windows in non rectangular shape - so they don't hide desktop or other window from another process (e.g. web browser)

it is possible to open a window from another process over one Excel window while writing in second Excel window - with MDI, trying to write in one of internal windows will give focus to the entire Excel window, hence hiding window from another process

it is possible to have different documents on different screens, which is especially useful when screens do not have the same resolution

SDI (Single-Document Interface, i.e., every window can only have a single document):

enter image description here

MDI (Multiple-Document Interface, i.e., every window can have multiple documents):

enter image description here

Well thought out. If you have multiple modules that have nothing to do with each other, why not create separate applications? Also, there's no restriction saying you have to use modal dialogs, you could use modeless dialogs to serve as a second "frame". — Jul 31 '13 at 3:43
Very good answer and detailed answer though I have to agree with @kleopatra on this one.. I once had an application with over a hundred screens where users wanted to compare output data off multiple screens/same screen with different inputs. We built a custom windowing system to allow us to do that. Users were just more comfortable with having 2 JFrames to keep next to one another ;) — Oct 9 '13 at 5:41
While I understand your argument, I would still prefer to have everything in one JFrame and a big parent JTabbedPane; but with the possibility to open a second window (or even more) where the layout can be different, offering hence a hybrid behaviour where SDI lovers are happy and MDI ones as well. In all cases, I always considered JInternalFrame as a horrible pattern which gives you all the inconvenients of both worlds. The flexibility they offer just sucks and they eat away a lot of precious screen space for no real purposes. — Sep 30 '14 at 21:03
I agree SDI is sometimes appropriate (and users often prefer it). There is one more drawback, and I did not find any workaround for that so far, unfortunatelly: each JFrame gets its own taskbar icon. Sometimes this is exactly what you want, but sometimes it is not. In WinAPI this is easy to configure, but in Swing it seems it cannot be done. — Mar 27 '18 at 9:08
@suma in that case I think I would opt for a JDialog over a JFrame. — Mar 27 '18 at 19:58

score 48 · Accepted Answer · 2013-08-30 05:14:44Z