Image manipulation in Matplotlib










2















This is a bit of a naive question, but I'm new to data science, thus the question.
I'm following a course which reads a 2D image and performs the following operation,



image = mpimg.imread('test.jpg')
duplicate = np.copy(image)
red_threshold = green_threshold = blue_threshold = 0
rgb_threshold = [red_threshold, green_threshold, blue_threshold]


Specifically this line



thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])
duplicate[thresholds] = [0,0,0]


The explanation for this line of code is,




The result, duplicate, is an image in which pixels that were above the
threshold have been retained, and pixels below the threshold have been
blacked out.




I just don't understand how?
Can someone break this up a little and help me understand what's going on here?










share|improve this question
























  • I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

    – Divakar
    Nov 12 '18 at 16:41







  • 1





    This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

    – Cris Luengo
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:10











  • @CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

    – Melissa Stewart
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:21











  • Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

    – Geeocode
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:29
















2















This is a bit of a naive question, but I'm new to data science, thus the question.
I'm following a course which reads a 2D image and performs the following operation,



image = mpimg.imread('test.jpg')
duplicate = np.copy(image)
red_threshold = green_threshold = blue_threshold = 0
rgb_threshold = [red_threshold, green_threshold, blue_threshold]


Specifically this line



thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])
duplicate[thresholds] = [0,0,0]


The explanation for this line of code is,




The result, duplicate, is an image in which pixels that were above the
threshold have been retained, and pixels below the threshold have been
blacked out.




I just don't understand how?
Can someone break this up a little and help me understand what's going on here?










share|improve this question
























  • I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

    – Divakar
    Nov 12 '18 at 16:41







  • 1





    This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

    – Cris Luengo
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:10











  • @CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

    – Melissa Stewart
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:21











  • Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

    – Geeocode
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:29














2












2








2








This is a bit of a naive question, but I'm new to data science, thus the question.
I'm following a course which reads a 2D image and performs the following operation,



image = mpimg.imread('test.jpg')
duplicate = np.copy(image)
red_threshold = green_threshold = blue_threshold = 0
rgb_threshold = [red_threshold, green_threshold, blue_threshold]


Specifically this line



thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])
duplicate[thresholds] = [0,0,0]


The explanation for this line of code is,




The result, duplicate, is an image in which pixels that were above the
threshold have been retained, and pixels below the threshold have been
blacked out.




I just don't understand how?
Can someone break this up a little and help me understand what's going on here?










share|improve this question
















This is a bit of a naive question, but I'm new to data science, thus the question.
I'm following a course which reads a 2D image and performs the following operation,



image = mpimg.imread('test.jpg')
duplicate = np.copy(image)
red_threshold = green_threshold = blue_threshold = 0
rgb_threshold = [red_threshold, green_threshold, blue_threshold]


Specifically this line



thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])
duplicate[thresholds] = [0,0,0]


The explanation for this line of code is,




The result, duplicate, is an image in which pixels that were above the
threshold have been retained, and pixels below the threshold have been
blacked out.




I just don't understand how?
Can someone break this up a little and help me understand what's going on here?







python numpy matplotlib computer-vision






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Nov 12 '18 at 17:22







Melissa Stewart

















asked Nov 12 '18 at 16:39









Melissa StewartMelissa Stewart

857830




857830












  • I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

    – Divakar
    Nov 12 '18 at 16:41







  • 1





    This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

    – Cris Luengo
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:10











  • @CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

    – Melissa Stewart
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:21











  • Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

    – Geeocode
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:29


















  • I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

    – Divakar
    Nov 12 '18 at 16:41







  • 1





    This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

    – Cris Luengo
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:10











  • @CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

    – Melissa Stewart
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:21











  • Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

    – Geeocode
    Nov 12 '18 at 17:29

















I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

– Divakar
Nov 12 '18 at 16:41






I would suggest using a minimal representative data and running the posted code and further study each part of | separately.

– Divakar
Nov 12 '18 at 16:41





1




1





This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

– Cris Luengo
Nov 12 '18 at 17:10





This is not a 3D image, it is a 2D image with 3 channels. Some software represents such an image as a 3D matrix, but that doesn't make it a 3D image.

– Cris Luengo
Nov 12 '18 at 17:10













@CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

– Melissa Stewart
Nov 12 '18 at 17:21





@CrisLuengo edited and corrected.

– Melissa Stewart
Nov 12 '18 at 17:21













Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

– Geeocode
Nov 12 '18 at 17:29






Anyway the example seems to me a bit buggy, where did you copypaste it from?

– Geeocode
Nov 12 '18 at 17:29













1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















2














The above expression,



thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])


unfolded:



image[:,:,0] 


here the 3rd index, 0 is the channel of the image from RGB, thus image[:,:,0], image[:,:,1], image[:,:,2] is RGB channels' pixels respectively.



image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) 


means, that we only need pixels with are below the value of the actual channel's threshold value, here 0.



In this case we intend get the sum of numpy arrays of the thresholded color channels's values with bitwise or operator | like e.g:



import numpy as np

a = np.array([26,0,46,])
b = np.array([0,55,1,])

print(a | b)


Out:



[26 55 47]





share|improve this answer
























    Your Answer






    StackExchange.ifUsing("editor", function ()
    StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function ()
    StackExchange.using("snippets", function ()
    StackExchange.snippets.init();
    );
    );
    , "code-snippets");

    StackExchange.ready(function()
    var channelOptions =
    tags: "".split(" "),
    id: "1"
    ;
    initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

    StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
    // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
    if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
    StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
    createEditor();
    );

    else
    createEditor();

    );

    function createEditor()
    StackExchange.prepareEditor(
    heartbeatType: 'answer',
    autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
    convertImagesToLinks: true,
    noModals: true,
    showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
    reputationToPostImages: 10,
    bindNavPrevention: true,
    postfix: "",
    imageUploader:
    brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
    contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
    allowUrls: true
    ,
    onDemand: true,
    discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
    ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
    );



    );













    draft saved

    draft discarded


















    StackExchange.ready(
    function ()
    StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2fquestions%2f53266496%2fimage-manipulation-in-matplotlib%23new-answer', 'question_page');

    );

    Post as a guest















    Required, but never shown

























    1 Answer
    1






    active

    oldest

    votes








    1 Answer
    1






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    2














    The above expression,



    thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])


    unfolded:



    image[:,:,0] 


    here the 3rd index, 0 is the channel of the image from RGB, thus image[:,:,0], image[:,:,1], image[:,:,2] is RGB channels' pixels respectively.



    image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) 


    means, that we only need pixels with are below the value of the actual channel's threshold value, here 0.



    In this case we intend get the sum of numpy arrays of the thresholded color channels's values with bitwise or operator | like e.g:



    import numpy as np

    a = np.array([26,0,46,])
    b = np.array([0,55,1,])

    print(a | b)


    Out:



    [26 55 47]





    share|improve this answer





























      2














      The above expression,



      thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])


      unfolded:



      image[:,:,0] 


      here the 3rd index, 0 is the channel of the image from RGB, thus image[:,:,0], image[:,:,1], image[:,:,2] is RGB channels' pixels respectively.



      image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) 


      means, that we only need pixels with are below the value of the actual channel's threshold value, here 0.



      In this case we intend get the sum of numpy arrays of the thresholded color channels's values with bitwise or operator | like e.g:



      import numpy as np

      a = np.array([26,0,46,])
      b = np.array([0,55,1,])

      print(a | b)


      Out:



      [26 55 47]





      share|improve this answer



























        2












        2








        2







        The above expression,



        thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])


        unfolded:



        image[:,:,0] 


        here the 3rd index, 0 is the channel of the image from RGB, thus image[:,:,0], image[:,:,1], image[:,:,2] is RGB channels' pixels respectively.



        image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) 


        means, that we only need pixels with are below the value of the actual channel's threshold value, here 0.



        In this case we intend get the sum of numpy arrays of the thresholded color channels's values with bitwise or operator | like e.g:



        import numpy as np

        a = np.array([26,0,46,])
        b = np.array([0,55,1,])

        print(a | b)


        Out:



        [26 55 47]





        share|improve this answer















        The above expression,



        thresholds = (image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) | (image[:,:,1] < rgb_threshold[1]) | (image[:,:,2] < rgb_threshold[2])


        unfolded:



        image[:,:,0] 


        here the 3rd index, 0 is the channel of the image from RGB, thus image[:,:,0], image[:,:,1], image[:,:,2] is RGB channels' pixels respectively.



        image[:,:,0] < rgb_threshold[0]) 


        means, that we only need pixels with are below the value of the actual channel's threshold value, here 0.



        In this case we intend get the sum of numpy arrays of the thresholded color channels's values with bitwise or operator | like e.g:



        import numpy as np

        a = np.array([26,0,46,])
        b = np.array([0,55,1,])

        print(a | b)


        Out:



        [26 55 47]






        share|improve this answer














        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer








        edited Nov 12 '18 at 17:32

























        answered Nov 12 '18 at 17:06









        GeeocodeGeeocode

        2,3801920




        2,3801920





























            draft saved

            draft discarded
















































            Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow!


            • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

            But avoid


            • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

            • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

            To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




            draft saved


            draft discarded














            StackExchange.ready(
            function ()
            StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fstackoverflow.com%2fquestions%2f53266496%2fimage-manipulation-in-matplotlib%23new-answer', 'question_page');

            );

            Post as a guest















            Required, but never shown





















































            Required, but never shown














            Required, but never shown












            Required, but never shown







            Required, but never shown

































            Required, but never shown














            Required, but never shown












            Required, but never shown







            Required, but never shown







            Popular posts from this blog

            𛂒𛀶,𛀽𛀑𛂀𛃧𛂓𛀙𛃆𛃑𛃷𛂟𛁡𛀢𛀟𛁤𛂽𛁕𛁪𛂟𛂯,𛁞𛂧𛀴𛁄𛁠𛁼𛂿𛀤 𛂘,𛁺𛂾𛃭𛃭𛃵𛀺,𛂣𛃍𛂖𛃶 𛀸𛃀𛂖𛁶𛁏𛁚 𛂢𛂞 𛁰𛂆𛀔,𛁸𛀽𛁓𛃋𛂇𛃧𛀧𛃣𛂐𛃇,𛂂𛃻𛃲𛁬𛃞𛀧𛃃𛀅 𛂭𛁠𛁡𛃇𛀷𛃓𛁥,𛁙𛁘𛁞𛃸𛁸𛃣𛁜,𛂛,𛃿,𛁯𛂘𛂌𛃛𛁱𛃌𛂈𛂇 𛁊𛃲,𛀕𛃴𛀜 𛀶𛂆𛀶𛃟𛂉𛀣,𛂐𛁞𛁾 𛁷𛂑𛁳𛂯𛀬𛃅,𛃶𛁼

            ャフサォクコ ケウ,コ,ワ メ,ロスョノ゙,クネ,フムカヤヲニ,エコ゚ツ ウイオン゙ケワサネォキモュキォウイノンコチ゚メヌナイゥフュ,カヒウネェ ネ,ホノケ,ムュキ ッボーミュハ,チ ツス ィ メウイマヤ,゙ウチ ヅ ロ,ォジヌェ ャヌット ェ,マャ,チナエヒネソキツテ トホヲヲミーァ

            How do I collapse sections of code in Visual Studio Code for Windows?