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Hipgnosis


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Hipgnosis was an English art design group based in London[1] that specialised in creating cover art for the albums of rock musicians and bands. Notable commissions included work for Pink Floyd, T. Rex, the Pretty Things, Black Sabbath, UFO, 10cc, Bad Company, Led Zeppelin, AC/DC, Scorpions, Yes, The Nice, Emerson, Lake & Palmer, Def Leppard, Paul McCartney & Wings, the Alan Parsons Project, Genesis, Peter Gabriel, Electric Light Orchestra, the Police, Rainbow, Styx, Pezband, XTC and Al Stewart.


Hipgnosis consisted primarily of Cambridge natives Storm Thorgerson and Aubrey Powell, and later Peter Christopherson.[2] The group dissolved in 1983, though Thorgerson worked on album designs until his death on 18 April 2013, and Powell works in film and video, most notably with Paul McCartney, The Who, and Monty Python's Flying Circus, and is the creative director for both Pink Floyd and its member David Gilmour.




Contents





  • 1 History


  • 2 Style


  • 3 Discography


  • 4 See also


  • 5 References


  • 6 External links




History[edit]


In 1968, Thorgerson and Powell were approached by their friends in Pink Floyd to design the cover for the group's second album, A Saucerful of Secrets. This led to additional work for EMI, including photos and album covers for the Pretty Things, Free, Toe Fat and the Gods. Being film and art school students, they were able to use the darkroom at the Royal College of Art, but when they completed school, they had to set up their own facilities. They built a small darkroom in Powell's bathroom, but shortly thereafter, in early 1970, rented space and built a studio located at 6 Denmark Street.[3]


When first starting out, Powell and Thorgerson adopted their name from graffiti they found on the door to their apartment. Thorgerson said they liked the word, not only for punning on "hypnosis," but for possessing "a nice sense of contradiction, of an impossible co-existence, from Hip = new, cool, and groovy, and Gnostic, relating to ancient learning."[4]


Hipgnosis gained major international prominence in 1973 with their famed cover design for Pink Floyd's The Dark Side of the Moon. The final design was one of several versions prepared for the band to choose from, but according to drummer Nick Mason, the 'prism/pyramid' design was the immediate and unanimous choice. The record itself was wildly successful—it became one of the biggest-selling and longest-charting albums of all time, putting it in the hands of millions of fans, and it has since been hailed as one of the best album covers of all time (VH1 rated the cover as No. 4, in 2003). After that, the firm became in-demand, and did many covers for high-profile bands and artists such as Led Zeppelin, Genesis, UFO, Black Sabbath, Peter Gabriel, the Alan Parsons Project, and Yes. They also designed the cover for the original UK paperback edition of Douglas Adams' The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy (Adams would describe Thorgerson as "The best album designer in the world"),[5] as well as the original UK hardcover edition of Norman Spinrad's Bug Jack Barron.[6]


Peter Christopherson joined Hipgnosis as an assistant in 1974, and later became a full partner. The firm employed many assistants and other staff members over the years. Of particular note were freelance designers and illustrators Richard Evans,[7]George Hardie,[8] and Richard Manning.[9]


One notable fact was that Hipgnosis did not have a set fee for designing an album cover but instead asked the artists to "pay what they thought it was worth",[10] a policy that only occasionally backfired according to Thorgerson in his book on album cover design.[citation needed]



Style[edit]


Hipgnosis' approach to album design was strongly photography-oriented, and they pioneered the use of many innovative visual and packaging techniques. In particular, Thorgerson & Powell's surreal, elaborately manipulated photos (utilizing darkroom tricks, multiple exposures, airbrush retouching, and mechanical cut-and-paste techniques) were a film-based forerunner of what would, much later, be called photoshopping. Hipgnosis used primarily Hasselblad medium format cameras for their work, the square film format being especially suited to album cover imagery.


Hipgnosis covers were noted for their quirky humour, such as the cover for the Pink Floyd double-LP compilation A Nice Pair, which featured an array of visual puns. Such humour once angered Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin, when Hipgnosis created a visual pun based on "(tennis) racquet"/"(noise) racket" for the album Houses of the Holy. Hipgnosis almost lost Led Zeppelin as a client as a result.[citation needed]


Another trademark was that many of their cover photos told "stories" directly related to the album's lyrics, often based on puns or double meanings of words in the album title. Since both Powell and Thorgerson were film students, they often used models as "actors" and staged the photos in a highly theatrical manner. Hipgnosis covers rarely featured artists' photos on the outside, and most were in a gatefold cover format to provide ample space for their slickly photographed tableaux.


Many of Hipgnosis' covers also featured distinctively "high tech" pen and ink logos and illustrations (often by graphic designer George Hardie), stickers, fancy inner sleeves, and other packaging bonuses. One of the unique extras created by Hipgnosis was the specially printed inner sleeve for Led Zeppelin's In Through the Out Door LP, a "black and white" affair that magically turned to colour when dampened with water (tying in with the main cover's photographic theme).



Discography[edit]


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































YearArtistAlbum
1968Pink Floyd
A Saucerful of Secrets
1968Alexis Korner
A New Generation of Blues
1968The Gods
Genesis
1968Pepe Jaramillo
Till There Was You
1969Pink Floyd
More
1969The Gods
To Samuel a Son
1969Pink Floyd
Ummagumma
1969Panama Limited Jug Band
Panama Limited Jug Band
1970The Greatest Show on Earth
Horizons
1970Pink Floyd
Atom Heart Mother
1970Quatermass
Quatermass
1970The Pretty Things
Parachute
1970The Greatest Show on Earth
The Going's Easy
1970Syd Barrett
The Madcap Laughs
1970The Nice
Five Bridges
1970Toe Fat
Toe Fat
1970Cochise
Cochise
1970
Harvest Records artists

Picnic – A Breath of Fresh Air
1970Panama Limited
Indian Summer
1970Sounds Nice
Love at First Sight
1970Gravy Train
Gravy Train
1971T. Rex
Electric Warrior
1971Toe Fat
Toe Fat 2
1971Trees
On the Shore
1971Marvin, Welch & Farrar
Marvin, Welch & Farrar
1971The Nice
Elegy
1971Pink Floyd
Meddle
1971Electric Light Orchestra
The Electric Light Orchestra
1971Audience
House on the Hill
1971Edgar Broughton Band
Edgar Broughton Band
1971Wishbone Ash
Pilgrimage
1971Climax Blues Band
Tightly Knit
1971Tear Gas
Tear Gas
1971Stackridge
Stackridge
1971Daddy Longlegs
Oakdown Farm
1972Flash
Flash
1972Wishbone Ash
Argus
1972The Nice
Autumn '67 – Spring '68
1972Fumble
Fumble
1972The Hollies
Distant Light
1972Renaissance
Prologue
1972Edgar Broughton Band
Inside Out
1972Audience
Lunch
1972The Pretty Things
Freeway Madness
1972Pink Floyd
Obscured by Clouds
1972Blue Mink
A Time of Change
1972Roger Cook
Meanwhile...Back at the World
1972Glencoe
Glencoe
1972Danta
Danta
1973Electric Light Orchestra
ELO 2
1973Pink Floyd
Dark Side of the Moon
1973Roger Cook
Minstrel in Flight
1973Electric Light Orchestra
On the Third Day
1973Edgar Broughton Band
Oora
1973Al Stewart
Past, Present and Future
1973Argent
In Deep
1973Led Zeppelin
Houses of the Holy
1973Audience
You Can't Beat 'em
1973Roy Harper
Lifemask
1973Renaissance
Ashes Are Burning
1973Wishbone Ash
Wishbone Four
1973Wishbone Ash
Live Dates
1973Flash
Out of Our Hands
1973Various artists
Music from Free Creek
1973Humble Pie
Thunderbox
1973Emerson, Lake & Palmer
Trilogy
1973Vinegar Joe
Rock 'n Roll Gypsies
1973Babe Ruth
Amar Caballero
1973Pink Floyd
A Nice Pair
1973Public Foot The Roman
Public Foot The Roman
1974Sharks
Jab It in Yore Eye
1974Uno
Uno
1974Genesis
The Lamb Lies Down On Broadway
1974Wishbone Ash
There's the Rub
1974Nazareth
Rampant
1974Renaissance
Turn of the Cards
1974Roy Harper
Valentine
1974Peter Frampton
Somethin's Happening
1974Roy Harper
Flashes from the Archives of Oblivion
1974Bad Company
Bad Company
1974Blue Mink
Fruity
1974Fumble
Poetry in Lotion
1974Syd Barrett
Syd Barrett
197410cc
Sheet Music
1974The Pretty Things
Silk Torpedo
1974UFO
Phenomenon
1975UFO
Force It
1975The Pretty Things
Savage Eye
1975Pink Floyd
Wish You Were Here
1975Bad Company
Straight Shooter
1975Renaissance
Scheherazade and Other Stories
1975Roy Harper
HQ
1975Edgar Broughton Band
A Bunch of 45s
1975The Greatest Show on Earth
The Greatest Show on Earth
197510cc
The Original Soundtrack
1975The Pretty Things
S.F. Sorrow / Parachute, double reissue (UK version only)
1975Al Stewart
Modern Times
1975Wings
Venus and Mars
1975Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias
Alberto y Lost Trios Paranoias
1975Caravan
Cunning Stunts
1975Sassafras
Wheelin 'n' Dealin
1975Bob Sargeant
First Starring Role
1975Strife
Rush
1975The Winkies
The Winkies
1976AC/DC
Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap (International edition)
1976Golden Earring
To the Hilt
1976Montrose
Jump on It
1976Kevin Coyne
Heartburn
1976Wings
Wings at the Speed of Sound
1976Al Stewart
Year of the Cat
1976The Alan Parsons Project
Tales of Mystery and Imagination
1976Black Sabbath
Technical Ecstasy
1976Genesis
A Trick of the Tail
197610cc
How Dare You!
1976Led Zeppelin
The Song Remains the Same
1976Led Zeppelin
Presence
1976Brand X
Unorthodox Behaviour
1976Wings
Wings over America
1976Jon Anderson
Olias of Sunhillow
1976Nazareth
Close Enough for Rock 'n' Roll
1976UFO
No Heavy Petting
1976Wishbone Ash
New England
1976Genesis
Wind & Wuthering
1977Wishbone Ash
Front Page News
1977Justin Hayward
Songwriter
1977UFO
Lights Out
1977The Alan Parsons Project
I Robot
197710cc
Deceptive Bends
1977Roy Harper
Bullinamingvase
1977Brand X
Moroccan Roll
1977Brand X
Livestock
1977Sammy Hagar
Sammy Hagar
1977Al Stewart
The Early Years
1977Sammy Hagar
Musical Chairs
1977Bad Company
Burnin' Sky
1977Pink Floyd
Animals
1977Electric Light Orchestra
The Light Shines On
1977Peter Gabriel
Peter Gabriel (I) (aka "Car")
1977Yes
Going for the One
1977Fabulous Poodles
Mirror Stars
1977Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel
Face to Face: A Live Recording
1977Hawkwind
Quark, Strangeness and Charm
1977Space
Deliverance
1977Status Quo
Live!
1977Strawbs
Deadlines
1977The Moody Blues
Caught Live + 5
1978Pezband
Laughing in the Dark
1978Be-Bop Deluxe
Drastic Plastic
1978Richard Wright
Wet Dream
1978David Gilmour
David Gilmour
1978Styx
Pieces of Eight
1978Wings
Wings Greatest
1978Todd Rundgren
Back to the Bars
1978XTC
Go 2
1978Robin Trower
Caravan to Midnight
1978Yes
Tormato
1978Genesis
…And Then There Were Three…
1978Wishbone Ash
No Smoke Without Fire
1978Peter Gabriel
Peter Gabriel (II) (aka "Scratch")
1978Al Stewart
Time Passages
1978The Alan Parsons Project
Pyramid
1978Black Sabbath
Never Say Die!
1978Renaissance
A Song for All Seasons
1978Synergy
Cords
1978UFO
Obsession
197810cc
Bloody Tourists
1978The Motors
Approved by the Motors (version 2)[11]
1979UFO
Strangers in the Night
1979Scorpions
Lovedrive
1979The Alan Parsons Project
Eve
1979Bad Company
Desolation Angels
1979The Dukes
The Dukes
1979Edgar Broughton Band
Parlez-Vous English (as The Broughtons)
197910cc
Greatest Hits 1972–1978
1979Led Zeppelin
In Through the Out Door
1979Brand X
Product
1979Gary Brooker
No More Fear of Flying
1979Steve Hillage
Live Herald
1979Godley & Creme
Freeze Frame
1979UK
Danger Money
1979Mick Taylor
Mick Taylor
1979Ashra
Correlations
1979Ralph McTell
Slide Away the Screen
1980The Pretty Things
Cross Talk
1980Brand X
Do They Hurt?
1980Mike Rutherford
Smallcreep's Day
198010cc
Look Hear?
1980Peter Gabriel
Peter Gabriel (III) (aka "Melt")
1980Scorpions
Animal Magnetism
1980UFO
No Place to Run
1980John Wetton
Caught in the Crossfire
1980Wishbone Ash
Just Testing
1980Leo Sayer
Living in a Fantasy
1980The Police
De Do Do Do, De Da Da Da
1981UFO
The Wild, the Willing and the Innocent
1981Pink Floyd
A Collection of Great Dance Songs
1981Rainbow
Difficult to Cure
1981Nick Mason
Fictitious Sports
1981Roger Taylor
Fun in Space
1981Def Leppard
High 'n' Dry
1981Yumi Matsutoya
Sakuban Oaisimashō
1981Herman Rarebell
Nip in the Bud
1982Paul McCartney
Tug of War
1982Rainbow
Straight Between the Eyes
1982The Alan Parsons Project
Eye in the Sky
1982Bad Company
Rough Diamonds
1982Led Zeppelin
Coda


See also[edit]


  • Category:Album covers by Hipgnosis

  • Category:Albums with cover art by Hipgnosis


References[edit]




  1. ^ "Helen Donlon interviews Hipgnosis". londongrip.co.uk..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  2. ^ The photodesigns of Hipgnosis The Goodbye look. Vermillion Hutchinson Publishing Group. 1982
    ISBN 0 091506417



  3. ^ Gioia, Ted (8 December 2014). "The Golden Age of Rock Album Covers". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 8 December 2014.


  4. ^ Thorgerson, S: Hipgnosis • Walk Away René, page 87. Paper Tiger, 1978.


  5. ^ Sweeting, Adam (18 April 2013). "Storm Thorgerson dies aged 69: 'the best album designer in the world' – Art and design – guardian.co.uk". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 19 April 2013.


  6. ^ "Bug Jack Barron – book 1970". Hipgnosiscovers.com.


  7. ^ "Biography". rdevans.com. 2011. Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2011.


  8. ^ "George Hardie | Alumni and associates | Arts and Humanities". Arts.brighton.ac.uk. 2016-01-22. Retrieved 2017-04-29.


  9. ^ discogs, list of albums artists retouched


  10. ^ Perrin, Jean-Éric; Rey, Jerôme; Verlant, Gilles (2009). Les Miscellanées du rock (in French). Paris: Éditions Fetjaine / La Martinière. p. 154. ISBN 9782354251307. [L]es deux de Hipgnosis avaient la particularité de ne pas réclamer de cachet fixe, mais de demander aux groupes de leur payer ce qu'ils estimaient être la valeur de leur travail! (The italics are present in the original.)


  11. ^ Version 1 of the album shows an image of all four members. This first cover was designed by Cooke Key Associates. After Ricky Slaughter and Bram Tchaikovsky left The Motors the album was reissued with a new cover. That new cover is designed by Hipgnosis.




External links[edit]


  • Allmusic album credits

  • Unofficial Hipgnosis website










Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hipgnosis&oldid=860813276"





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