Battle of Pavia (271)

Battle of Pavia
	Part of the Roman-Germanic wars;
	; ; ; ; Pavia; ; ; Battle of Pavia (271) (Italy);
Date	271
Location	Ticinum, Pavia, Italy
Result	; Decisive Roman victory; ; End of the Juthungi invasions.; ; End of barbarian invasions of Italia.; ;
Belligerents
; Roman Empire;	; Juthungi;
Commanders and leaders
; Emperor Aurelian;	; Unknown

Coordinates: 45°11′00″N 9°09′00″E / 45.183333°N 9.15°E / 45.183333; 9.15

The Battle of Ticinum or Battle of Pavia was fought in 271 near Pavia (Italy), and resulted in the Roman Emperor Aurelian destroying the retreating Juthungi army.

Background[edit]

In 271, the Juthungi invaded Italy. They defeated Aurelian's army at the Battle of Placentia but, on their way against the defenseless Rome, they were repulsed by the imperial army at the Battle of Fano. The Juthungi then asked for peace but Aurelian rejected their demand for safe passage.^[1] Trying to force way to their homelands, they headed to the north using the Via Aemilia. On the other side, Aurelian wanted a decisive victory in order to restore his damaged reputation after the loss at Placentia as well as to recover the plunder the Juthungi were carrying. Therefore, he went in pursuit of the invaders, waiting for the best moment to attack.^[2]

The battle[edit]

Aurelian attacked the Juthungi while they were entering the open plains near Ticinum (Pavia). He was able to destroy their entire force but a column that escaped through the Alps. However, even this remnant of the invading force was finally caught by Aurelian in Raetia and was eliminated.^[2]^[3]

Aftermath[edit]

For the victory, Aurelian assumed the title of honour Germanicus Maximus.^[2] His victories ended the Juthungi invasion, but the Roman citizenry were shocked by the great threat that Rome itself had faced after the loss near Placentia. However, the menace of the Germanic people and a Germanic invasion was still perceived by the Romans as likely. In response, Aurelian resolved to build a new system of walls around Rome that became known as the Aurelian Walls around Rome.^[4]

References[edit]

^ Watson (1999), p.51.

^ ^a^b^c Watson (1999), p.52.

^ The Cambridge Ancient History, vol 12, The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193-337 (ed. Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron), Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-521-30199-8, p. 223.

^ Watson 1999, pp. 51–54, 217.

Bibliography[edit]

Watson, Alaric (2004) [1999]. Aurelian and the Third Century. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-10057-7.

[Watson51-1] Watson (1999), p.51.

[Watson52-2] Watson (1999), p.52.

[3] The Cambridge Ancient History, vol 12, The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193-337 (ed. Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron), Cambridge University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-521-30199-8, p. 223.

[FOOTNOTEWatson199951–54,_217-4] Watson 1999, pp. 51–54, 217.

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