54th United States Congress
54th United States Congress | |
---|---|
53rd ← → 55th | |
United States Capitol (1906) | |
March 4, 1895 – March 4, 1897 | |
Senate President | Adlai E. Stevenson (D) |
Senate Pres. pro tem | William P. Frye (R) |
House Speaker | Thomas B. Reed (R) |
Members | 90 senators 357 representatives 4 non-voting delegates |
Senate Majority | Republican (plurality) |
House Majority | Republican |
Sessions | |
1st: December 2, 1895 – June 11, 1896 2nd: December 7, 1896 – March 3, 1897 |
The Fifty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1895, to March 4, 1897, during the last two years of Grover Cleveland's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Eleventh Census of the United States in 1890. The House had a Republican majority, and the Republicans were the largest party in the Senate.
Contents
1 Major events
2 Major legislation
3 States admitted
4 Party summary
4.1 Senate
4.2 House of Representatives
5 Leadership
5.1 Senate
5.1.1 Majority (Republican) leadership
5.1.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership
5.2 House of Representatives
5.2.1 Majority (Republican) leadership
5.2.2 Minority (Democratic) leadership
6 Members
6.1 Senate
6.1.1 Alabama
6.1.2 Arkansas
6.1.3 California
6.1.4 Colorado
6.1.5 Connecticut
6.1.6 Delaware
6.1.7 Florida
6.1.8 Georgia
6.1.9 Idaho
6.1.10 Illinois
6.1.11 Indiana
6.1.12 Iowa
6.1.13 Kansas
6.1.14 Kentucky
6.1.15 Louisiana
6.1.16 Maine
6.1.17 Maryland
6.1.18 Massachusetts
6.1.19 Michigan
6.1.20 Minnesota
6.1.21 Mississippi
6.1.22 Missouri
6.1.23 Montana
6.1.24 Nebraska
6.1.25 Nevada
6.1.26 New Hampshire
6.1.27 New Jersey
6.1.28 New York
6.1.29 North Carolina
6.1.30 North Dakota
6.1.31 Ohio
6.1.32 Oregon
6.1.33 Pennsylvania
6.1.34 Rhode Island
6.1.35 South Carolina
6.1.36 South Dakota
6.1.37 Tennessee
6.1.38 Texas
6.1.39 Utah
6.1.40 Vermont
6.1.41 Virginia
6.1.42 Washington
6.1.43 West Virginia
6.1.44 Wisconsin
6.1.45 Wyoming
6.2 House of Representatives
6.2.1 Alabama
6.2.2 Arkansas
6.2.3 California
6.2.4 Colorado
6.2.5 Connecticut
6.2.6 Delaware
6.2.7 Florida
6.2.8 Georgia
6.2.9 Idaho
6.2.10 Illinois
6.2.11 Indiana
6.2.12 Iowa
6.2.13 Kansas
6.2.14 Kentucky
6.2.15 Louisiana
6.2.16 Maine
6.2.17 Maryland
6.2.18 Massachusetts
6.2.19 Michigan
6.2.20 Minnesota
6.2.21 Mississippi
6.2.22 Missouri
6.2.23 Montana
6.2.24 Nebraska
6.2.25 Nevada
6.2.26 New Hampshire
6.2.27 New Jersey
6.2.28 New York
6.2.29 North Carolina
6.2.30 North Dakota
6.2.31 Ohio
6.2.32 Oregon
6.2.33 Pennsylvania
6.2.34 Rhode Island
6.2.35 South Carolina
6.2.36 South Dakota
6.2.37 Tennessee
6.2.38 Texas
6.2.39 Utah
6.2.40 Vermont
6.2.41 Virginia
6.2.42 Washington
6.2.43 West Virginia
6.2.44 Wisconsin
6.2.45 Wyoming
6.2.46 Non-voting members
7 Changes in membership
7.1 Senate
7.2 House of Representatives
8 Committees
8.1 Senate
8.2 House of Representatives
8.3 Joint committees
9 Caucuses
10 Employees
10.1 Senate
10.2 House of Representatives
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
Major events
Major legislation
- May 21, 1896: Oil Pipe Line Act, ch. 212, 29 Stat. 127 (43 U.S.C. § 962 et seq.)
- May 22, 1896: Condemned Cannon Act, 29 Stat. 133
- May 28, 1896: United States Commissioners Act, 29 Stat. 184
- June 1, 1896: Married Women's Rights Act (District of Columbia), 29 Stat. 193
- June 6, 1896: Filled Cheese Act, 29 Stat. 253
- January 13, 1897: Stock Reservoir Act, 29 Stat. 484, (43 U.S.C. § 952 et seq.)
- March 2, 1897: Tea Importation Act, 29 Stat. 604, (21 U.S.C. § 41 et seq.)
States admitted
- January 4, 1896: Utah was admitted the 45th state.
Party summary
This count identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver Republican (SR) | Silver (S) | |||
End of the previous congress | 43 | 3 | 41 | 0 | 1 | 88 | 0 |
Begin | 39 | 4 | 42 | 0 | 2 | 87 | 1 |
End | 40 | 44 | 90 | 0 | |||
Final voting share | 7001444000000000000♠44.4% | 7000440000000000000♠4.4% | 7001489000000000000♠48.9% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | 7000220000000000000♠2.2% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 33 | 5 | 43 | 6 | 1 | 88 | 2 |
House of Representatives
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
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Democratic (D) | Populist (P) | Republican (R) | Silver (S) | Other (O) | |||
End of the previous congress | 217 | 11 | 123 | 1 | 2 | 354 | 2 |
Begin | 104 | 7 | 240 | 1 | 0 | 352 | 4 |
End | 94 | 9 | 252 | 356 | 1 | ||
Final voting share | 7001264000000000000♠26.4% | 7000250000000000000♠2.5% | 7001708000000000000♠70.8% | 6999300000000000000♠0.3% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 124 | 22 | 206 | 1 | 4 (Silver Republican & Independent) | 357 | 0 |
Leadership
Senate
President: Adlai E. Stevenson (D)
President pro tempore: William P. Frye (R)
Majority (Republican) leadership
Republican Conference Chairman: John Sherman
Minority (Democratic) leadership
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Arthur P. Gorman
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Charles James Faulkner
House of Representatives
Speaker: Thomas B. Reed (R)
Majority (Republican) leadership
Republican Conference Chairman: Charles H. Grosvenor
Minority (Democratic) leadership
Democratic Caucus Chairman: David B. Culberson
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and Representatives are listed by district.
- Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1898; Class 2 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1900; and Class 3 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1896.
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House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
Two seats were added when Utah was admitted and one seat was filled late.
State (class) | Vacator | Reason for Vacancy | Subsequent | Date of successor's installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Utah (1) | New seat | State was admitted to the Union | Frank J. Cannon (R) | January 22, 1896 |
Utah (3) | New seat | State was admitted to the Union | Arthur Brown (R) | January 22, 1896 |
Delaware (2) | Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect. A successor was eventually elected | Richard R. Kenney (D) | January 19, 1897 |
House of Representatives
There were 4 deaths, 2 resignations, 13 election challenges, 1 new seat, and 4 seats vacant from the previous Congress. Democrats had a 10-seat net loss; Republicans had a 12-seat net gain; and Populists had a 2-seat net gain.
District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date successor seated |
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New York 10 | Vacant | Representative-elect Andrew J. Campbell died before the start of Congress. New member elected November 5, 1895. | Amos J. Cummings (D) | November 5, 1895 |
Illinois 10 | Vacant | Philip S. Post (R) was re-elected, but died before this Congress. New member elected December 2, 1895. | George W. Prince (R) | December 2, 1895 |
Michigan 3 | Vacant | Julius C. Burrows (R) was re-elected, but resigned in the previous Congress to serve in the Senate. New member elected December 2, 1895. | Alfred Milnes (R) | December 2, 1895 |
Pennsylvania 15 | Edwin J. Jorden (R) | Resigned March 4, 1895. New member elected November 5, 1895. | James H. Codding (R) | November 5, 1895 |
Utah Territory at-large | Frank J. Cannon (R) | Seat eliminated January 4, 1896 upon statehood. | Seat eliminated | |
Utah at-large | New seat | State was admitted to the Union. New member elected November 5, 1895. | Clarence E. Allen (R) | January 4, 1896 |
Georgia 10 | James C. C. Black (D) | Resigned March 4, 1895. Incumbent was subsequently re-elected October 2, 1895. | James C. C. Black (D) | October 2, 1895 |
Massachusetts 6 | William Cogswell (R) | Died May 22, 1895. New member elected November 5, 1895. | William H. Moody (R) | November 5, 1895 |
Illinois 18 | Frederick Remann (R) | Died July 14, 1895. New member elected December 2, 1895. | William F. L. Hadley (R) | December 2, 1895 |
Illinois 3 | Lawrence E. McGann (D) | Election was successfully challenged December 27, 1895. | Hugh R. Belknap (R) | December 27, 1895 |
Texas 11 | William H. Crain (D) | Died February 10, 1896. New member elected April 7, 1896. | Rudolph Kleberg (D) | April 7, 1896 |
Missouri 5 | John C. Tarsney (D) | Election was successfully challenged February 27, 1896. | Robert T. Van Horn (R) | February 27, 1896 |
Alabama 4 | Gaston A. Robbins (D) | Election was successfully challenged March 13, 1896. | William F. Aldrich (R) | March 13, 1896 |
Virginia 4 | William R. McKenney (D) | Election was successfully challenged May 2, 1896. | Robert T. Thorp (R) | May 2, 1896 |
Louisiana 5 | Charles J. Boatner (D) | Election was challenged and declared vacant March 20, 1896. Incumbent was subsequently elected June 10, 1896. | Charles J. Boatner (D) | June 10, 1896 |
Alabama 5 | James E. Cobb (D) | Election was successfully challenged April 21, 1896. | Albert T. Goodwyn (P) | April 22, 1896 |
South Carolina 7 | J. William Stokes (D) | Seat declared vacant June 1, 1896. Incumbent was subsequently elected November 3, 1896. | J. William Stokes (D) | November 3, 1896 |
New York 8 | James J. Walsh (D) | Election was successfully challenged June 2, 1896. | John M. Mitchell (R) | June 2, 1896 |
South Carolina 1 | William Elliott (D) | Election was successfully challenged June 4, 1896. | George W. Murray (R) | June 4, 1896 |
Illinois 16 | Finis E. Downing (D) | Election was successfully challenged June 5, 1896. | John I. Rinaker (R) | June 5, 1896 |
North Carolina 6 | James A. Lockhart (D) | Election was successfully challenged June 5, 1896. | Charles H. Martin (P) | June 5, 1896 |
Alabama 9 | Oscar W. Underwood (D) | Election was successfully challenged June 9, 1896. | Truman H. Aldrich (R) | June 9, 1896 |
Georgia 3 | Charles F. Crisp (D) | Died October 23, 1896. New member elected December 19, 1896. | Charles R. Crisp (D) | December 19, 1896 |
New York 19 | Frank S. Black (R) | Resigned January 7, 1897. | Vacant until next Congress | |
Kentucky 10 | Joseph M. Kendall (D) | Election was successfully challenged February 18, 1897. | Nathan T. Hopkins (R) | February 18, 1897 |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
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Joint committees
Alcohol in the Arts (Select)
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)- Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
- Investigate Charities and Reformatory Institutions in the District of Columbia
- Ford's Theater Disaster
Caucuses
Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
Public Printer of the United States: Thomas E. Benedict
Senate
Chaplain: William H. Millburn (Methodist)
Secretary: William Ruffin Cox
Sergeant at Arms: Richard J. Bright
House of Representatives
Chaplain: Henry N. Couden (Universalist)
Clerk: Alexander McDowell
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Asher C. Hinds
Doorkeeper: William J. Glenn
Postmaster: Joseph C. McElroy
Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]
Sergeant at Arms: Benjamin F. Russell
See also
United States elections, 1894 (elections leading to this Congress)- United States Senate elections, 1894 and 1895
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1894
United States elections, 1896 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)- United States presidential election, 1896
- United States Senate elections, 1896 and 1897
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1896
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
Official Congressional Directory for the 54th Congress, 1st Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 54th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 54th Congress, 2nd Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 54th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).