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Tapishwar Narain Raina








Tapishwar Narain Raina


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General


Tapishwar Narain Raina



PVSM, MVC

General Tapishwar Narain Raina.jpg
Born
(1921-01-24)24 January 1921
Died19 May 1980(1980-05-19) (aged 59)[1]
Allegiance
 British India
 India
Service/branch
 British Indian Army
 Indian Army
Years of service1942 – 1978
Rank
General of the Indian Army.svg General
Service numberIC-1850[2]
UnitKumaon Regiment
Commands held
IA Western Command.jpg Western Army
II Corps
25th Division
114 Infantry Brigade
14 Kumaon
Battles/wars
World War II
Indo-Pakistan War of 1965
Indo-Pakistan War of 1971
Awards
IND Padma Bhushan BAR.png Padma Bhushan
Param Vishisht Seva Medal ribbon.svg Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Maha Vir Chakra ribbon.svg Maha Vir Chakra
Mentioned in dispatches








Tapishwar Narain Raina
Chief of Army Staff (India)

In office
1 June 1975 – 31 May 1978
Preceded byGeneral G G Bewoor
Succeeded byGeneral O P Malhotra
High Commissioner of India to Canada

In office
February 1979 – May 1980
Preceded byMahboob Ahmad
Succeeded byG.S. Dhillon

General Tapishwar Narain Raina PVSM, MVC (24 January 1921 – 19 May 1980), best known as T.N. Raina, was a senior army officer and a diplomat who served as the Chief of the Army Staff of the Indian Army between 1975 and 1978.


Upon retirement, he was appointed as the High Commissioner of India to Canada. He was a recipient of the third highest civilian honour of India, the Padma Bhushan.[3]




Contents





  • 1 Early life and education


  • 2 Career


  • 3 Awards and decorations


  • 4 Dates of rank


  • 5 Notes


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links




Early life and education[edit]


Raina was born on 24 January 1921.[4] He was educated in Ludhiana, where his father, B. N. Raina, had been posted as Head Postmaster.[5] He was married to Marie Antoinette Raina,[6] who was a French woman.



Career[edit]


On 12 April 1942, Raina received an emergency commission as a second lieutenant in the 19th Hyderabad Regiment,[7] which subsequently became the Kumaon Regiment.[8] He was a veteran of the Second World War, as well as the 1962 war and 1971 wars.[9]


During the Second World War, while serving as a Second lieutenant, Raina was injured in a grenade accident which resulted in the loss of an eye. He had a glass eye in place for the rest of his career in the army. He was mentioned in dispatches for his service in the Burma Campaign.[10]


He was the Brigade Commander at Chushul in Ladakh during November 1962. He was awarded the Maha Vir Chakra for his handling of the Battle of Chushul.


On 5 January 1965, Lieutenant-Colonel Raina was appointed Brigadier General Staff (BGS) of the XXXIII Corps in West Bengal.[11][2]


On 7 October 1971, Raina was appointed General Officer Commanding of II Corps in the Khulna sector, with the acting rank of Lieutenant General.[12] Raina was awarded the Padma Bhushan for his contributions in the War.


Raina was appointed GOC-in-C, Western Command on 27 October 1973.[13] He served as the Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1 June 1975 to 31 May 1978.


During his tenure as the COAS, the central government led by Indira Gandhi declared a state of national emergency in India. Before the imposition of the emergency, it is believed that the Prime Minister asked for the Army's support in the venture, but General Raina bluntly told the Prime Minister that the army would not be used to 'further her ends' but obey only those orders of a 'legally construed government.' . This was considered a crucial moment that kept the Indian Army out of politics at a critical juncture.[14]


Raina died on 19 May 1980 in Ottawa, while serving as India's High Commissioner to Canada.[9]



Awards and decorations[edit]





















Maha Vir Chakra ribbon.svg
Sena Medal ribbon.svg

IND Poorvi Star Ribbon.svg

IND Sangram Medal Ribbon.svg


IND 25th Anniversary Independence medal.svg






















Padma Bhushan

Maha Vir Chakra

Sena Medal

Samar Seva Star

Poorvi Star

Special Service Medal

Sangram Medal

Sainya Seva Medal

Indian Independence Medal

25th Anniversary of Independence Medal

20 Years Long Service Medal

9 Years Long Service Medal

1939–1945 Star

Burma Star

War Medal 1939–1945

India Service Medal


Dates of rank[edit]


























































InsigniaRankComponentDate of rank
British Army OF-1a.svgSecond LieutenantBritish Indian Army12 April 1942 (emergency)[7]
British Army OF-1b.svgLieutenantBritish Indian Army1943 (war-substantive)
2 June 1947 (substantive)
British Army OF-2.svgCaptainBritish Indian Army1944 (acting)
British Army OF-1b.svgLieutenantIndian Army15 August 1947[note 1][15]
British Army OF-2.svgCaptainIndian Army12 April 1948[note 1][15]
Captain of the Indian Army.svgCaptainIndian Army26 January 1950 (recommissioning and change in insignia)[15][16]
Major of the Indian Army.svgMajorIndian Army12 April 1955[17]
Lieutenant Colonel of the Indian Army.svgLieutenant-ColonelIndian Army12 April 1958[18]
Colonel of the Indian Army.svgColonelIndian Army29 August 1964[19]
Brigadier of the Indian Army.svgBrigadierIndian Army1962 (acting)
5 January 1965 (acting)[2]
1 May 1965 (substantive)[20]
Major General of the Indian Army.svgMajor GeneralIndian Army19 January 1966 (acting)[21]
14 October 1967 (substantive)[22]
Lieutenant General of the Indian Army.svgLieutenant-GeneralIndian Army7 October 1971 (acting)[12]
20 May 1972 (substantive)[23]
General of the Indian Army.svg
General
(COAS)		Indian Army1 June 1975[24]


Notes[edit]




  1. ^ ab Upon independence in 1947, India became a Dominion within the British Commonwealth of Nations. As a result, the rank insignia of the British Army, incorporating the Tudor Crown and four-pointed Bath Star ("pip"), was retained, as George VI remained Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces. After 26 January 1950, when India became a republic, the President of India became Commander-in-Chief, and the Ashoka Lion replaced the crown, with a five-pointed star being substituted for the "pip."




References[edit]




  1. ^ http://indianarmy.nic.in/Site/FormTemplete/frmTemp1PTC2C.aspx?MnId=JDVp5MdpeiA2FxK7HbGXkA==&ParentID=7PyXNARie53Sgis+r/ml3A==


  2. ^ abc "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 27 February 1965. p. 107..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em


  3. ^ "Padma Awards" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2015. Retrieved July 21, 2015.


  4. ^ Indian Army List for July 1942. Government of India Press. 1942. pp. 600(s2).


  5. ^ Little Known facts about Ludhianvis The Tribune, Dated 25 June 2000


  6. ^ Fauji Beat The Tribune, Dated 25 November 2003


  7. ^ ab Indian Army List for July 1942. Government of India Press. 1942. p. 1580.


  8. ^ "The Courage of 13 Kumaon". Indianexpress.com. 20 Feb 2012.


  9. ^ ab "Chief of Army Staff". Indian Army Official Website. 19 Jun 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2012.


  10. ^ "No. 37558". The London Gazette (Supplement). 7 May 1946. p. 2222.


  11. ^ Obituary to a Hero India Defence


  12. ^ ab "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 1 July 1972. p. 955.


  13. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 23 February 1974. p. 235.


  14. ^ Militarism in India:The Army and Civil Society in Consensus by Apurba Kundu Archived 30 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine.


  15. ^ abc "New Designs of Crests and Badges in the Services" (PDF). Press Information Bureau of India - Archive. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 August 2017.


  16. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 11 February 1950. p. 227.


  17. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 2 July 1955. p. 131.


  18. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 27 August 1960. p. 217.


  19. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 13 November 1965. p. 583.


  20. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 2 April 1966. p. 211.


  21. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 26 March 1966. p. 193.


  22. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 3 February 1968. p. 76.


  23. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 19 August 1972. p. 1226.


  24. ^ "Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Army Branch)". The Gazette of India. 5 July 1975. p. 867.




External links[edit]



  • Bio of General Tapishwar Narain Raina on Bharat Rakshak

  • Chronological list of Indian Commanders-in-Chief since 1947




Military offices
Preceded by
Gopal Gurunath Bewoor

Chief of Army Staff
1975–1978
Succeeded by
Om Prakash Malhotra










Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tapishwar_Narain_Raina&oldid=875364743"





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